深圳市某木质家具企业木粉尘危害两种半定量风险评估的研究

Study on two semi-quantitative risk assessment of wood dust hazard in a wooden furniture enterprise in Shenzhen

目的探讨两种半定量风险评估方法在木质家具行业木粉尘危害风险评估的适用性,为企业更好地进行职业健康管理提供依据。方法运用GBZ/T 298—2017职业健康半定量风险评估中的接触比值法和综合指数法,于2019年7—9月对深圳市某木质家具行业木粉尘危害进行职业卫生学调查、职业病危害因素检测以及职业健康风险评估,分析两种半定量风险评估方法的适应性。结果该企业各岗位木粉尘的危害等级HR为5,接触等级ER为2.1~2.9,封边岗位风险指数R为3,其余岗位均为4;风险等级封边岗位除了为中等风险,其余岗位均为高风险。结论接触比值法和综合指数法两种半定量风险评估方法对木质家具行业木粉尘危害岗位的风险评估结果较为一致。两种半定量评估方法均有一定的适用性。

Objective To explore the applicability of semi-quantitative Risk Assessment Method in the risk assessment of wood dust hazards in wood furniture manufacturing enterprises,this paper aims to take appropriate control measures according to the grading level,so as to control wood dust hazards and protect workers’health and provide basis for better occupational health management in enterprises.Methods Using the exposure ratio method and comprehensive index method in semi-quantitative Risk Assessment of occupational health in GBZ/T 298—2017,from July to September,2019,occupational hygiene investigation,occupational disease risk factors detection and occupational health risk assessment were conducted on wood dust hazards in a wooden furniture manufacturing enterprise,and the adaptability of two semi-quantitative risk assessment methods was compared and analyzed.Results The hazard grade HR of wood dust was 5,the contact grade Er was 2.1-2.9,the calculated risk index R of edge sealing position is 3,and that of other positions is 4.The risk level of edge sealing position is medium risk,and the other positions are high risk.Conclusion The risk assessment results from the two semi-quantitative risk assessment methods(Exposure ratio method and comprehensive index method)for wood dust hazards in the enterprise are more consistent.The two semi-quantitative evaluation methods are both of certain applicability.