风险评估法结合类比法对某废轮胎资源化利用进行职业病危害预评价

Combining risk assessment method with analogy method to analyze pre-assessment of occupational hazardz in the waste tire recycling project

目的采用类比法与风险分级评估法对某废轮胎资源利用项目进行职业病危害预评价。方法选用职业卫生类比法分析某废轮胎资源化利用项目存在的职业病危害因素及其浓度(强度)。采用化学物质吸入风险评估定性及半定量评价方法和化学物质皮肤接触/吸收风险半定量方法对本项目涉及化学有害因素进行评价。采用风险评估指数法对物理因素进行半定量评价及分析,以评估拟建项目职业病危害风险级别和风险程度。结果本项目的职业病危害因素有粉尘、化学毒物、噪声、高温、微波辐射、紫外辐射、工频电场等。类比检测结果显示,各类化学毒物浓度及粉尘浓度均低于50%OELS;噪声强度超标率范围为10.3%~20.1%,强度达Ⅱ级;高温、工频电场、紫外辐射结果均符合国家限值要求。风险评估结果显示有毒物质吸入风险等级及皮肤接触/吸收风险等级均为中等风险;噪声风险评估指数为10,属中级别风险;高温风险评估指数分别为11、14,属中级别风险;微波辐射风险评估指数为10,属中级别风险。结论本项目职业病危害风险分类为"较重"。本方法更加科学、合理地预测出本项目职业病危害因素浓度(强度)及风险级别。

Objective Combining risk assessment method with analogy method to analyze pre-assessment of occupational hazardz in the waste tire recycling project.Methods Occupational health analogy method was used to analyze the occupational hazardous factors and corresponding concentrations(intensities)in the waste tire recycling project.Qualitative and semi-quantitative methods of chemical inhalation risk assessment and semi-quantitative methods of chemical skin contact/absorption risk were used to evaluate the chemical hazards involved in the project.The risk assessment index method was adopted to make semi-quantitative evaluation and analysis on the physical factors of the project.And then to evaluate the occupational hazard risk level and risk degree of the project.Results The main occupational hazardous factors in the waste tire recycling project include dust,chemical poison,noise,high temperature,microwave radiation,ultraviolet radiation,power frequency electric field,etc.The analogy results showed that the concentration of all chemical poisons and dust were lower than 50%OELS;the unqualified rate of noise intensity was 10.3%-20.1%,reaching intensity grade II;the results of high temperature,power frequency electric field and ultraviolet radiation conformed to the requirements of the national limit.The risk assessment results showed that the risk level of toxic substances in halation and skin contact/absorption were both medium-level;the noise risk assessment index was 10,which belongs to the medium-level;the high temperature risk assessment index was 11,14,which belongs to the medium-level;the microwave radiation risk assessment index was 10,which belongs to the medium-level.Conclusion The occupational hazard risk classification of the waste tire recycling project was"heavier",and the combination of risk assessment method and analogy method can better scientific and reasonableanalyze concentrations of occupational hazardous factors and risk levels.