量子信息掩蔽

Quantum Information Masking

量子信息掩蔽是量子信息处理中的一个新兴概念,它将量子信息完全转移至各个量子实体的关联之中,从而使单个量子系统不再包含掩蔽前的任何信息。量子信息掩蔽在量子比特承诺、秘密共享等方面都具有重要的应用;然而与量子态的克隆、广播、隐藏等操作类似,人们无法使用一个普适的两体幺正演化来实现量子信息的掩蔽。本文系统地介绍近期量子信息掩蔽方向的一系列研究进展:首先描述了可实现量子信息掩蔽态集合的几何特征,给出掩蔽操作的实现方法,讨论了其在信息论中的含义以及与量子纠错码等概念的联系;然后介绍量子信息掩蔽的实验实现,展现量子信息掩蔽在高维体系等复杂系统中的可行性,并展示其在量子秘密共享和噪声免疫的量子通信等方面的应用。

Quantum information masking,an emerging concept in quantum information processing,refers to the complete quantum information transfer from a single quantum carrier to the correlations of multiple quantum carriers,so that any single carrier no longer contains any information of the pre-masked state.Quantum information masking has applications in the fields such as qubit commitment and secret sharing;however,similar to operations like the cloning,broadcasting,and hiding of quantum states,masking of quantum information cannot be accomplished with a universal bipartite isometry.We will provide a systematical introduction of recent progress about quantum information masking:firstly,we will describe the geometric characteristics of the maskable set,discuss the realization of the masking operation,its information-theoretical implication and its relationship with quantum error correction;secondly,we will present the experimental realizations of quantum information masking,expound the feasibility of quantum information masking in complex systems such as high-dimensional systems,and demonstrate its application in quantum secret sharing and noise-resilient quantum communication.