某铁路职业卫生管理质量评估

Quality evaluation on occupational health management in a railway

目的评估某铁路管辖区作业场所职业卫生管理质量,并探讨监管策略,为铁路用人单位更好地完善职业卫生管理体系提供科学依据。方法采用职业卫生管理评价法,并结合职业病危害现状综合评价方法,分析评估某铁路辖区职业卫生管理质量。结果该铁路辖区职业病危害作业场所37个岗位职业危害现状综合评价:无危害、轻微危害、一般危害、较严重危害、严重危害各为14、7、10、2、4个,各占37.84%、18.92%、27.03%、5.41%、10.81%,以一般危害最多;各岗位职业卫生管质量分级为:不及格、及格、一般、良好、优秀各为17、4、10、5、1个,各占45.95%、10.81%、27.03%、13.51%、2.70%,以不及格率最高;需要监督监测的频率以1次/年最多;监管方式包括了简化监管、常规监管、强化监管、重点监管,各有1、23、8、5个岗位,各占2.70%、62.16%、21.62%、13.51%,以常规监管多见。结论南京铁路管辖区作业场所职业卫生管理质量不高。

Objective To evaluate the quality of occupational health management in the workplaces of railway jurisdiction and explore the regulatory strategy,so as to provide scientific basis for the railway departments to improve the occupational health management system.Methods The quality of 37 occupational health managements in a certain railway district was assessed using the method of occupational health management evaluation combined with the method of comprehensive evaluation of occupational hazards.Results The comprehensive evaluation of occupational hazards in the workplaces of railway jurisdiction:no hazard,slight hazard,general hazard,relatively serious hazard and serious hazard were 14,7,10,2 and 4,accounting for 37.84%,18.92%,27.03%,5.41%and 10.81%,respectively,with the general hazard being the most.The occupational health management quality grades for each position:fail,pass,average,good,excellent were 17,4,10,5,1,accounting for 45.95%,110.81%,27.03%,13.51%,2.70%,respectively,with the failure rate being the most.The frequency of need for surveillance at once a year maximum.The supervision methods:simplified supervision,regular supervision,strengthened supervision and key supervision had 1,23,8 and 5 positions,accounting for 2.70%,62.16%,21.62%,13.51%,respectively,with regular supervision being the most.Conclusion The quality of occupational health management in Nanjing workplaces of railway jurisdiction is poor.