2015-2020年福州市其他感染性腹泻病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases,Fuzhou city,2015-2020

目的了解福州市其他感染性腹泻报告病例的流行特征,为预防控制提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统“传染病报告信息系统”、“突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统”收集2015-2020年福州市报告的其他感染性腹泻病例相关资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2015-2020年福州市报告其他感染性腹泻病病例22388例,死亡病例4例;报告其他感染性腹泻暴发疫情共14起;各年报告发病率之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),年均报告发病率51.51%。发病高峰出现在每年的冬春季(12月至次年3月);全市以仓山区、马尾区及闽清县发病率较高,发病率在74.07/10万~120.31/10万。男性、女性发病率分别为60.29/10万、42.51/10万,男女发病率之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);病例主要集中在10岁以下儿童,占总病例数的86.22%。病原学检测514份样本中,检测出诺如病毒感染240例(46.69%),轮状病毒感染204例(39.69%)。结论福州市其他感染性腹泻发病具有明显的季节性,且重点人群明确,为10岁以下儿童多见,诺如病毒是常见的致病因子。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea diseases in Fuzhou city,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control.Methods The related data of other infectious diarrhea cases reported in Fuzhou city during 2015-2020 were collected from National Infectious Disease Report Information Management System and Public Health Emergency Management Information System,and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 22388 cases of other infectious diarrhea and 4 cases of death were reported in Fuzhou city during 2015-2020,while 14 other infectious diarrhea outbreaks were reported.There were statistically significant differences among the reported incidence(P<0.01),and the average annual incidence was 51.51%.The incidence peaked in winter and spring(from December to March of next year);and the incidence in Cangshan district,Mawei District and Minqing was high,range from 74.07/10^(5) to 120.31/10^(5).The incidence of male and female was 60.29/10^(5) and 42.51/10^(5) respectively,and the difference between males and females was statistically significant(P<0.01)The patients were mainly children under 10 years old,accounting for 86.22%.A total of 514 samples were tested for etiology,240(46.69%)were infected with norovirus and 204(39.69%)with rotavirus.Conclusion The incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Fuzhou city has a significant seasonal pattern,and the key population is clear,which is more common for children under 10 years old.Norovirus is a common pathogenic factor.