TGFβ通路对肿瘤器官特异性转移的影响及相关机制

Effect and related mechanism of TGFβon organ-specific tumor metastasis

转移是肿瘤发展的最后阶段,严重降低患者的生存质量,与癌症死亡率高度相关。转移源于播散的癌细胞在远处器官部位定植,引发新的肿瘤。很多肿瘤的转移具有器官倾向性,但肿瘤器官特异性转移机制尚不清楚。转化生长因子β(TGFβ)信号通路是典型的膜核信号传递过程,涉及受体介导的Smad转录因子的激活,激活的Smad蛋白与基因组中的多个靶序列结合,参与调节细胞增殖、分化、运动、黏附和程序性细胞死亡等多种过程,影响肿瘤的发生和发展。TGFβ信号通路还可以通过调控肿瘤微环境和免疫细胞功能影响癌症特异性器官转移。该文总结了TGFβ通路在肿瘤特异性器官转移中的功能和作用机制。

Metastasis is the final stage of malignant tumor,which severely reduces the patient’s life quality and is highly correlated with cancer mortality.Tumor metastasis originates from the colonization of disseminated cancer cells,triggering new tumors in distant organs.Many tumors have organ-specific metastasis,but the related mechanism is still unclear.The TGFβsignaling pathway is a typical nuclear signal transduction process involving receptor-mediated activation of Smad transcription factors.The activated Smad proteins bind to multiple target sites in the genome and participate in regulating cell proliferation,differentiation,movement,adhesion,programmed cell death and other processes,which finally affects tumor initiation and progression.TGFβpathway can also affect organ-specific metastasis by regulating tumor microenvironment and inhibiting immune cell function.In this review,we mainly summarize the function and mechanism of TGFβin organ-specific metastasis.