技术革命驱动政党转型发展:历史逻辑与当代演绎

The Development of Transformation on Political Parties Drived by the Technological Revolution: Historical Logic and Contemporary Interpretation

从18世纪至20世纪,人类社会先后发生了三次技术革命、三次工业革命;同时,以英美为代表的西方政党先后经历了三次政党转型发展,即从近代权贵党到近代资产阶级政党,再到现代大众型政党,再到战后全方位党。其中的时空契合与内在关系表明:每一次技术革命都会导致相应的产业革命、政党政治变革与政党转型发展,技术革命是推动政党政治变革与政党转型发展的源动力与"最高意义上的革命力量"。21世纪以来西方政党政治中频发的"黑天鹅"事件,正是技术革命驱动西方政党政治变革的当代演绎,新一轮科技革命正在瓦解西方"卡特尔"化的政党政治,驱动新一轮政党转型发展。技术革命驱动西方政党转型发展的历史逻辑表明,科技水平直接影响与制约着政党组织结构与组织规模;信息技术直接制约着政党政治的透明度、公开性与开放性。然而,中外政党逻辑与政治逻辑不同;新一轮科技革命对我们党的建设与政治发展的影响,绝非西方样式的政党政治变革与政党转型发展,而是"打铁必须自身硬"与党的"自我革命"问题。

From the 18 th century to the 20 th century,human society had experienced three technological revolutions and three industrial revolutions. At the same time,Western political parties had experienced three party transformations,namely,from ancient dignitary parties to modern bourgeois Parties,and then to the modern mass party,and then to the catch-all party after the Second World War. The time-space fitted and internal relationship shows that every technological revolution all leaded to the industrial revolution,parties transformation,and transformation development of parties correspondingly. So we considered that the technological revolution is the driving force even the “supreme revolutionary force”to promote Parties transformation developing. These “black swan”events are the contemporary transformation developing of political parties driving by the technological revolution in Western party politics since the 21 st century,and western “cartel”Parties are facing new crisis. The historical logic of the technological revolution driving the transformation developing of Western political parties shows that the level of technology directly affects and restricts the parties organizational structure and scale;information technology directly restricts the transparency,openness and openness of party politics. However,the logic of political parties is different between Chinese and foreign,so the impact of the new technological revolution on CPC is the “Self-revolution”issue,which is not the Westernstyle party political reform and party transformation developing.