三相矿热炉电–热–质传递特性研究

The Analysis of Electromagnetics-Temperature-Component Distribution in Three-Phase Electric Furnace in Ferronickel Processing

探究三相矿热炉内多物理场的复杂耦合关系,对于探明炉内熔炼情况、改善局部过热状态具有重要意义。本文针对目前应用广泛但冶炼性能还有待于进一步提高的三相矿热炉,首先建立了一种二维稳态电–热–质多场耦合模型,用于研究了炉内电压、温度及熔池的分布特性;然后以改变电压和电极中心距为手段,探究了炉内多场分布特性的均化方法。结果表明,所建立的二维稳态模型能够准确反映炉内电–热–质三场的非线性耦合特性;数值分析看到,炉内存在能量分布不均、局部过热等现象,采取降低电压和增大电极中心距方法,可以有效均化炉内能量分布。研究表明,经过参数优化,当电极中心距由3.5 m增至6.5m时,电极内外焦耳热极值点差值平均下降了85.3%,使得温度均匀性得到明显改善。本文研究为未来矿热炉的进一步改进提升打下了基础。

It is of particular value to analyze electromagnetics-temperature-component multiphysical field distribution in electric furnace in improving productivity and reducing energy consumption. A steady two-dimensional(2D) mathematical model is established to study multi-physical field distribution in electric furnace in ferronickel processing. Besides, the effects of voltage and electrode spacing are studied. The results show that electromagnetics-temperature-component fields are strongly coupling and uneven in electric furnace. The uneven energy distribution will be improved with the decreased voltage and increased electrode spacing. As the electrode spacing increases from 3.5 m to 6.5 m, the difference of maximum Joule heat value decreases by 85.3% and the temperature uniformity is improved obviously.