中法有砟道床断面设计技术标准分析

Analysis on the Technical Standards of the Cross-Section Design of Ballasted Track Bed in China and France

为在国际铁路竞争市场中提高中国标准的国际认可程度,中国宜充分借鉴吸收国外标准。通过对比分析中法两国有砟道床断面设计差异,结论如下:(1)中国规定道床厚度主要根据列车轴重和速度取值,法国标准除此之外还考虑轨枕类型;(2)两国标准中新建线路砟肩宽度范围相近,中国标准进一步明确道床顶面宽度;(3)中国标准中无缝线路除在速度等级250≤v<300 km/h时正线堆高为10 cm外,其余均为15 cm;法国标准中,针对断面不同加固程度,堆高为0~15 cm;(4)中国标准正线边坡坡度采用1∶1.75,法国标准采用(1∶1.5)~(1∶3.0)。法国标准灵活性较强,适用工程范围更广,我国标准可借鉴其设计取值方法以提高对于不同国家工程的经济适用性。

In order to enter the competitive international railway market and improve the international recognition of Chinese standards, China should fully learn from and absorb foreign standards. According to Chinese and French standards, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the design differences of the cross-section of ballasted track bed between the two countries. The conclusions are drawn as follows:(1) The thickness of the track bed in Chinese standards is mainly based on the axle load and train speed, while the sleeper type is an additional factor to be considered in French standards;(2) The width of the ballast shoulder of the newly constructed lines is similarly specified in the standards of the two countries;however, the top width of the track bed is further specified in Chinese standards;(3) For the ballast height on the main line track of continuously welded rail(CWR) in Chines standards,when the railway speed grade is designed as 250 km/h ≤ v <300 km/h, it is specified as 10 cm, and in the rest speed grades, it is specified as 15 cm;While in French standards, the ballast height is 0 cm to 15 cm according to different compaction of the cross-section;(4) The slope of the main line track of Chinese standards is 1∶1. 75, while 1∶1. 5 to 1∶3 in the French standards. Through the analysis, this paper finds that there is greater flexibility and wider application scope in the French standards. Therefore, reference may be made to the value range in French standards to improve the applicability of the Chinese standards to the projects in various countries.