二维材料MXene的制备与电学性能研究进展

Progress in preparation and electrical properties of two dimensional materials MXene

具有层状结构的二维过渡金属碳/氮化物材料(MXene)因其优良的导电性、良好的亲水性以及丰富的表面化学结构得到了大部分研究者的关注。着眼于MXene的先进制备方法及过程展开综述,同时综述了其在电学方面(包括超级电容器,电池材料和电催化)的研究进展。在MXene超级电容器中相较于普通水系电解液,有机电解液或离子电解液往往可以提供更高的输出电压,进而产生更高的能量密度,同时溶剂的化学性质对MXene中分子/离子的排列也有着极大的影响。于MXene基电池材料而言,通过改变MXene薄片组装方式与电极制造方法制备的分层结构可以防止聚集再堆积,而引入阳离子空位的方法也可有效提高其作为电池材料时的性能。此外还论述了几种改善MXene基材料电催化水分解反应性能的策略。旨在综述MXene的制备,结构及其在电学方面的应用与优化,并对未来可研究的方向与可能面临的挑战进行探讨。

The two-dimensional material MXene with layered structure has attracted the attention of most researchers due to its outstanding conductivity,good hydrophilicity and rich surface chemical structure.This paper focuses on the advanced preparation methods and processes of transition metal carbonitrides,and reviews the research progress of their electrical aspects(including supercapacitors,battery materials and electrocatalysis).In MXene supercapacitors,compared with conventional aqueous electrolytes,organic electrolytes or ionic electrolytes can often provide higher output voltage,resulting in higher energy density.At the same time,the chemical properties of solvents also have a great influence on the molecular/ionic arrangement in MXene.As far as mxene based battery materials are concerned,the layered structure prepared by changing the assembly method of mxene sheet and electrode manufacturing method can prevent aggregation and reaccumulation,and the introduction of cation vacancy can also effectively improve the performance of MXene based battery materials.In addition,several strategies to improve the performance of MXene based materials for electrocatalytic water decomposition are discussed.The purpose of this paper is to review the preparation,structure,application and optimization of MXene in electricity,and to discuss the future research direction and possible challenges.