中空玻璃微球/丁腈橡胶-聚氯乙烯复合材料的隔声性能研究

Study on sound insulation properties of hollow glass microspheres/nitrile rubber polyvinyl chloride composites

以丁腈橡胶(NBR)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基体材料,中空玻璃微球(HGM)为填料,通过熔融共混法制备了HGM/NBR-PVC复合材料。采用SEM和万能材料试验机对HGM/NBR-PVC的结构形态和力学性能进行测试;利用四通道阻抗管系统对隔声性能进行测试,并进一步分析了材料的隔声机理。研究结果表明,HGM的添加能有效提高NBR-PVC复合材料的隔声性能,其添加量和粒径均对复合材料的隔声性能有显著性影响。材料的隔声性能和弹性模量随着HGM含量的增加而提升,添加量为40 g时隔声效果最好;而材料的隔声性能和弹性模量随着HGM粒径的增大均逐渐降低。当HGM添加量为40 g,粒径小于40μm时,复合材料的隔声性能最佳,平均隔声量达31.6 dB。

HGM/NBR-PVC composites are prepared by melt blending with nitrile butadiene rubber(NBR)and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)as matrix materials and hollow glass microspheres(HGM)as filler.The structural morphology and mechanical properties of HGM/NBR-PVC are tested separately by SEM and universal material testing machine.The sound insulation performance is tested by four channel impedance tube system,and the sound insulation mechanism of the composite material is further analyzed.The results show that the addition of HGM can effectively improve the sound insulation performance of NBR-PVC composites,and its addition amount and radius have significant effects on the sound insulation performance of the composites.The sound insulation performance and elastic modulus of the material increase with the increase of HGM content,and the sound insulation effect is the best when the addition amount is 40 g.The sound insulation performance and elastic modulus of the material decrease gradually with the increase of HGM radius.When the addition amount of HGM is 40 g and the particle diameter is less than 40μm,the sound insulation performance of the composite reach best,and the average sound insulation loss is 31.6 dB.