绿色新基建是否能为中国林业环境产品 出口结构优化赋能--基于“一带一路”贸易产品范围经济视角

Can the Green New Infrastructure Help Optimize the Structure of China's Export of Forestry Environmental Goods?Based on the Scope of Trade Products under the Belt and Road Initiative

高质量建设绿色“一带一路”是我国社会经济发展全面绿色转型、提高对外开放绿色发展水平的重要途径。利用2004−2018年中国与“一带一路”共建国家双边贸易面板数据,度量中国林业环境产品出口的扩展边际、多样化指数、产品种类,探讨不同指标视角下林业环境产品的出口结构特征及其变化。在此基础上,引入绿色新基建等因素拓展双边贸易引力模型,针对绿色新基建对林业环境产品出口的结构优化效应进行实证检验。结果表明,在产品范围经济视角下,中国林业环境产品出口范围总体呈扩张趋势;出口目标国绿色新基建能显著提升中国对其林业环境产品的出口范围,从绿色转型角度优化出口产品结构;出口目标国绿色新基建通过贸易成本降低机制,正向影响林业环境产品的出口扩展边际和产品种类。基于实证结论,提出推进林业环境产品清单、促进绿色新基建联通、发挥林业环境产品范围经济优势等促进绿色“一带一路”发展的建议。

High-quality construction of green Belt and Road Initiative is a vital way to comprehensive green transformation of social and economic development and to raise the level of green development of opening to the outside world. Firstly, based on the panel data of bilateral trade between China and the countries that jointly build Belt and Road Initiative from 2004 to 2018, this paper measures the extended margin, diversification index and product category of China’s forestry environmental goods export to explore the export structure characteristics and changes of forestry environmental goods from various angles of view. On this basis, this paper introduces factors such as green new infrastructure and others to expand the bilateral trade gravity model, and makes an empirical test on the structural optimization effect of green new infrastructure on the forestry environmental goods export. The results indicate that from the perspective of product scope economy, the export scope of China’s forestry environmental goods is expanding. The new green infrastructure of export destination countries can significantly improve the export scope of China’s forestry environmental goods and optimize the export product structure from the view of green transformation. The new green infrastructure of export destination countries is able to positively affect extension margin and product category of export through reducing trade cost. Based on the empirical conclusion, some suggestions are put forward to promote the development of green Belt and Road Initiative, such as advancing environmental goods list, promoting green new infrastructure connectivity and giving full play to scope economic advantage of forestry environmental goods.