固体充填开采地表沉陷预计与控制研究

Prediction and control of surface subsidence in solid filling mining

为了研究固体充填开采地表沉陷预计与控制,以邢台矿为背景,基于概率积分法与弹性地基理论,建立了固体充填开采地表沉陷预计模型,得到了地表沉陷值的理论解,采用数值模拟和相似模拟相结合的方法对初始充填率为80%、85%、90%和95%四种情况进行模拟计算,对不同初始充填率条件下的地表沉陷值和下沉系数以及不同推进阶段的覆岩及地表沉陷盆地运移规律进行研究分析。结果表明,基于概率积分法与弹性地基理论建立的沉陷预计模型对地表沉陷进行预计的方法是可行的,为固体充填开采地表沉陷控制提供了理论依据;相比垮落法开采,固体充填开采地表下沉系数平均降低了93.18%~93.33%,提高初始充填率,降低充填体欠接顶量,能有效控制地表沉陷;揭示了不同推进阶段的工作面覆岩和地表沉陷盆地运移规律,为地表构建筑物保护提供参考。

In order to study the prediction and control of surface subsidence in solid backfill mining,based on the probability integral method and the elastic foundation theory,the prediction model of surface subsidence in solid backfill mining was established with Xingtai Mine as the background,and the theoretical solution of surface subsidence value was obtained.The numerical simulation and similar simulation were combined to simulate the initial filling rates of 80%,85%,90%and 95%,and the surface subsidence value and subsidence coefficient under different initial filling rates,as well as the migration law of grazing rock and surface subsidence basin in different advancing stages were studied and analyzed.The results show that the subsidence prediction model based on probability integration method and elastic foundation theory is feasible to predict the surface subsidence,which provides a theoretical basis for the surface subsidence control of solid backfill mining.Compared with caving method,the surface subsidence coefficient of solid filling mining is reduced by 93.18%~93.33%on average,the initial filling rate is improved,and the under-topped amount of filling body is reduced,which can effectively control the surface subsidence.The migration law of working face rock and surface subsidence basin in different advancing stages is revealed,which provides a reference for the protection of surface structures.