成熟度和种皮对不同基因型观赏向日葵种子萌发的影响

Effects of Maturity and Seed Coat on Seed Germination of Ornamental Sunflower with Different Genotypes

为了解影响观赏向日葵种子萌发的主要因素,采用不同成熟度观赏向日葵种子进行去种壳和去种皮处理种子萌发试验。结果表明,不同基因型观赏向日葵种子休眠期的长短有差异,其中休眠期最短的为25 d,最长的达50 d以上;成熟度对不同基因型观赏向日葵种子的萌发率影响显著,其中花色为黄色和红色的观赏向日葵GK1和GK2随着成熟度的增加,种子的发芽率逐渐增加,而花色为浅黄色和乳白色的观赏向日葵GK3和GK4随着成熟度的增加,种子的发芽率呈先增加后降低再增加的趋势。因此,成熟度是影响观赏向日葵种子萌发的重要因素之一;与完整种子相比较,去种皮和去种壳处理休眠期均不同程度缩短,发芽率均有明显提高。

In order to understand the main influencing the seed germination of ornamental sunflower.The seeds of ornamental sunflower with different maturity were treated by removing seed shell and seed coat,and then the seed germination test was carried out.The results showed that the length of dormancy period of different genotypes of ornamental sunflower seeds was different,the shortest dormancy period was 25 days,and the longest dormancy period was more than 50 days,the maturity had a significant effect on the germination rate of different genotypes of ornamental sunflower seeds,among which the germination rate of ornamental sunflower varieties GK1 and GK2 with yellow and red flowers increased gradually with the increase of maturity,while the germination rate of flower varieties GK1 and GK2 with red flowers increased with the increase of maturity,the seed germination rate of ornamental sunflower varieties GK3 and GK4 with light yellow and milky white color increased first,then decreased and then increased.Therefore,maturity was one of the important factors affecting the seed germination rate of ornamental sunflower.Compared with complete seeds,the seed coat and seed shell treatment shortened the dormancy period in varying degrees,and the germination rate increased significantly.