我国公众参与食品安全治理的价值、困境与突破

Value, dilemma and breakthrough of public participation in food safety governance in China

作为食品安全治理的重要主体,公众参与于我国食品安全治理现代化建设意义重大。随着近年来我国政府职能的转变和公民权利意识的增强,公众参与食品安全治理的社会环境正在逐渐形成。然而从实际效果来看,公众的有效参与仍面临着诸多亟待化解的困境。本文通过对社会价值、存在价值和制度功能的分析,深入探讨了公众参与食品安全治理的价值,比较了不同角色定位下公众的参与目的与参与类型的差异,剖析了我国食品安全治理中公众参与界限与制度保障方面存在的困境。在此基础上提出须确立公众参与原则、明确公众参与的主体与范围、完善制度保障、健全配套措施,方能促进我国食品安全社会共治格局的形成,提升政府公信力,实现公众的食品安全利益与社会的和谐稳定。

As an important subject of food safety governance, public participation in the modernization of food safety governance in China is of great significance. With the transformation of government functions and the enhancement of civil rights awareness in recent years, the social environment of public participation in food safety governance is gradually taking shape. However, from the actual effect, the effective participation of the public still faces many difficulties and problems to be solved. Through the analysis of social value, existence value and system function, this paper deeply discussed the value of public participation in food safety governance, compared the differences of public participation purposes and types under different role positioning, and analyzed the difficulties existing in the boundary and system guarantee of public participation in food safety governance in China. On this basis, it was proposed that we should establish the principle of public participation, clarify the subject and scope of public participation, improve the system guarantees and improve the supporting measures. Only in this way can we build China’s food safety social co-governance pattern, improve the government’s credibility, and realize the public’s food safety interests and social harmony and stability.