长江流域主要支流地下水资源特征分析

Research on distribution characteristics of groundwater resources over main branches of Changjiang River Basin

合理的地下水资源特征分析及开采潜力评估是科学管理和维护地下水资源系统稳定的重要前提。选取了长江流域内21个主要支流,以2001~2020年最新观测数据为基础,采用补给法和排泄法计算了各支流不同类型地下水资源量,并对总量进行了相应统计,最终结合现状地下水开采量,分析了不同支流的开采潜力。结果表明:长江上游支流平原区地下水资源模数显著大于中下游支流,中游支流略小于下游;山丘区地下水资源量及地下水资源总量模数自上游向下游整体呈现增加趋势。综合来看,长江上中游主要支流的地下水资源开采程度大于下游,全流域地下水开采程度整体较低,具有较大的开采潜力。

Reasonable analysis on groundwater resources characteristics and exploitation potentiality plays an important role in the groundwater resources management.In this paper,we evaluated the characteristics of groundwater resources for 21 main branches in the Changjiang River by using the latest observed data from 2001 to 2020.The water balance method and drainage method were used to estimate the amount of groundwater resources of flatlands and hilly areas,respectively.Finally,the exploitation potentiality of groundwater resources for each branch was evaluated based on all estimated results.The results show that the groundwater resource modules in the flatlands of the upper reaches are significantly greater than those in the middle and lower reaches,and the modules of middle reaches are the smallest around the whole Changjiang River Basin.The groundwater resource modules in the hilly areas and the whole branches increase gradually from upstream to downstream.Generally,the current groundwater exploitation level for all branches in the upper and middle reaches of the Changjiang River is greater than that in the lower reaches,and the overall extent of groundwater exploitation for the Changjiang River basin is relatively low,showing that the groundwater in Changjiang River still has great exploitation potential.