中国服务开放与服务业效率——基于中国地级及以上城市的实证检验

The Relationship between China’s Service Opening and Service Efficiency ——Based on the Empirical Test of Prefecture-Level and above Cities in China

深化服务业开放,坚持创新驱动,提高服务业效率是我国经济高质量发展阶段的重要内容。将中国服务贸易创新发展试点政策作为一项“准自然实验”,实证考察中国服务开放对服务业效率的影响效应,探究服务开放影响服务业效率的作用机制,研究结果表明:中国服务业开放显著提高了城市服务业效率,对不同区域而言,中国服务开放显著提高了东部及中部地区服务业效率,但对西部地区服务业效率影响不显著;影响机制研究结果表明,技术创新能力增强是服务开放提高城市服务业效率的重要作用机制。鉴于此,应进一步深化服务贸易创新发展试点建设等服务业开放政策,注重将服务开放政策与地区发展政策相结合,鼓励城市及服务企业在服务开放中提高技术创新能力,以期在更大程度上发挥服务开放对服务业效率提升的促进作用。

The important contents of the high-quality development stage of China’s economy include improving the openness level of service industry,persisting in innovation-driven development and improving the efficiency of service industry.This paper takes China’s service trade innovation and development pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment,empirically investigates the impact of China’s service opening on service industry efficiency,and further explores the mechanism of service opening on service industry efficiency.The results show that China’s service opening has significantly improved the efficiency of urban service industry.For different regions,China’s service opening has significantly improved the efficiency of service industry in eastern and central China,but has no significant impact on the efficiency of service industry in western China.In addition,the research results of influencing mechanism show that the enhancement of technological innovation ability is an important mechanism of service opening to improve the efficiency of urban service industry.Therefore,it is necessary to further deepen the opening-up policy of service industry,such as the pilot construction of innovative development of service trade,pay attention to the combination of opening-up policy with regional development policy,encourage cities and service enterprises to improve their technological innovation ability in the opening-up of service industry,so as to give full play in promoting effect of opening-up on service industry efficiency.