超级明星企业的成因、经济影响与应对政策——基于文献综述的视角

The Rise of Superstar Firms:Reasons,Economic Impact and Countermeasures ——From the Perspective of Literature Review

“超级明星经济学”自20世纪80年代提出以来,受到经济学界的广泛关注。随着科技巨头和平台经济的崛起,学术界再次掀起对超级明星企业的讨论热潮。通过梳理超级明星企业的形成原因和经济影响,发现经济全球化、数字科技发展、政府监管缺位是超级明星企业崛起的重要推动力。巨型企业扩张带来行业集中度上升、劳动收入份额下降、市场竞争不足、创新活动下降等一系列经济影响。随着数字经济的不断发展,应基于跨学科研究视角,综合发达国家和发展中国家的经验,加强对超级明星企业的治理。为了有效应对超级明星企业的挑战,学者提出了“数据共享论”和“强行拆分论”,其中数据共享作为应对之策,正被一些国家的政府采纳并付诸实践。

In the beginning of 1980 s,the idea of “the economics of superstars” was proposed,and has received wide academic attention.With the rise of big tech and digital economy,“superstar firms” have been heatedly debated in the academic circle.By reviewing the literature on the reasons and consequences of superstar firms,it is found that globalization,digital technology,and lax government regulation have been viewed as important forces.Empirical evidences show that the rise of monopoly power of superstar firms has led to a series of economic consequences,such as industry concentration,a decline of labor share,and productivity slowdown.With the development of digital economy,it is important to strengthen regulations on superstar firms by taking a cross-disciplinary approach and combining experiences from both developed and developing countries.To face up the challenge,some scholars have come up with two solutions,one is “break up big tech view”,the other is “data-sharing view”.Among the two,data-sharing has been put into practice by some countries.