医学模拟教育中复盘教学方法的发展和应用综述

A literature review on development and implementation of debriefing as an instructional approach in simulation-based medical education

复盘教学方法是模拟医学领域中医学模拟教育的重要环节。为了提高对复盘教学法的认识和保障医学模拟教育的质量,本文回顾了医学模拟教育中复盘的相关重要文献,对复盘的内涵与发展现状、复盘教学的实施模型和分析工具、复盘教学的国内外研究现状与进展做了梳理。复盘模型多种多样,开诚布公地复盘策略更有助于学员提升,复盘过程中可以合理运用学员指令性反馈、自我评价、重点引导等复盘分析工具,复盘教学的文化差异及其如何在我国具体落地实施仍然是值得关注的研究方向。

Debriefing is an foundamental instructional approach of simulation-based medical education in the field of healthcare simulation.In order to improve the understanding of debriefing as an instructional approach and ensure the quality of simulation-based medical education,this paper reviews the relevant critical literatures of debriefing in simulation-based medical education,and outlined the essential elements and current development status of debriefing,debriefing models,different methods used in analyze phase of debriefing,as well as the research progress of debriefing in China and abroad.Despite various debriefing models,"debriefing with good judgment"would be more likely to assure better learner improvement.In the process of debriefing,directive feedback,students'self-assessment,and focused facilitation can be reasonably used.However,there are still room for future research on how these practices could be translated and better applied in China.