基于电化学模型的锂离子电池荷电状态估计方法综述

A Review of SOC Estimation Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Electrochemical Model

荷电状态(SOC)的准确估计是电池管理系统的重要功能之一。当前,基于模型的方法是实现锂离子电池SOC估计最常用的解决方案。相比于等效电路模型(ECM),由于电化学模型(EM)能够实现耦合电化学机理的SOC估计,逐渐成为下一代高级电池管理系统的研究重点。然而,现有基于模型的锂离子电池SOC估计方法的研究大多集中在ECM上,很少对EM进行系统讨论。为此,该文针对基于EM的SOC估计方法进行了全面综述。首先,概述了EM的建模及参数识别方法;然后,对基于EM的SOC估计方法进行了讨论;最后,针对目前基于EM的SOC估计存在的挑战和未来发展趋势进行了讨论。该文提出的观点有望促进现有基于EM的高级电池管理系统算法的开发和应用。

Accurate state of charge(SOC)estimation is one of the important functions for battery management system.Currently,the model-based approach is the most widely used solution for lithiumion battery SOC estimation.Compared with the equivalent circuit model(ECM),the electrochemical model(EM)has gradually become the research focus of the next generation advanced battery management systems due to its ability to estimate the SOC coupled with electrochemical mechanism.However,the existing review studies of the model-based battery SOC estimation methods are mostly focused on ECMs,and the EMs are rarely discussed systematically.For this reason,the EM-based SOC estimation algorithms are reviewed in this paper.First,the modeling and parameter identification methods of EMs are summarized,and the existing approaches to EM-based SOC estimation are discussed.Then,existing challenges and the future prospects of the EM-based SOC estimation are presented.The insights presented in this paper are expected to catalyze the development and application of the EMbased advanced battery management system algorithms.