小学生学习成绩的城乡对比研究——家庭文化资本的影响

A Comparative Study of Primary School Students’ Academic Performance between Urban and Rural Areas:The Influence of Family Cultural Capital

在家庭文化资本理论的框架下,采用问卷调查法考察城乡之间小学生家庭文化资本对学习成绩的影响。在本研究中,主要对象为贵州、四川、湖北省各地区的城乡小学生,通过对比城乡之间的差异,得出了以下结果:(1)农村小学生的具体化家庭文化资本、客观化家庭文化资本、体制化家庭文化资本均低于城市学生。(2)家庭文化资本对小学生学习成绩有正向影响,但对农村地区的影响更大。(3)户外活动次数对城市小学生的学习成绩有正向影响,对农村小学生的学习成绩有负向影响。(4)父亲的受教育水平对城市小学生的学习成绩有正向影响,对农村小学生的学习成绩却没有显著影响;母亲的受教育水平对城市小学生的学习成绩有负向影响,对农村小学生的学习成绩却没有显著影响。

Under the framework of family cultural capital theory,this paper uses the questionnaire method to investigate the impact of primary school students’ family cultural capital on academic performance between urban and rural areas.In this study,the main objects are primary school students in urban and rural areas of Guizhou,Sichuan and Hubei.By comparing the differences between urban and rural areas,the following results are obtained:(1) The specific family cultural capital,objective family cultural capital and institutionalized family cultural capital of rural primary school students are lower than those of urban students.(2) Family cultural capital has a positive impact on primary school students’ academic performance,but it has a greater impact on rural areas.(3) The number of outdoor activities has a positive impact on the academic performance of urban primary school students and a negative impact on the academic performance of rural primary school students.(4) Father’s education level has a positive impact on the academic performance of urban primary school students,but has no significant impact on the academic performance of rural primary school students.Mother’s education level has a negative impact on the academic performance of urban primary school students,but has no significant impact on the academic performance of rural primary school students.