三级综合医院医护人员死亡态度和职业倦怠现状及相关性研究

The situation and correlation between death attitudes and job burnout among medical staff in neijiang

目的调查内江市三级综合医院医护人员对待死亡的态度和职业倦怠的现状,进一步探索两者之间的相关关系。方法2019年6月—2020年3月期间,采用便利抽样方法选取四家内江市三级综合医院工作的医护人员为研究对象,使用一般资料调查问卷、死亡态度描绘量表和职业倦怠量表对其进行问卷调查。结果1014名医护人员完成了问卷调查,死亡态度五个维度平均得分为:死亡恐惧(21.59±5.32)分,死亡逃避(16.35±4.21)分,自然接受(19.88±2.64)分,趋近接受(26.43±7.81)分,逃离接受(13.63±4.62)分。职业倦怠三个维度平均得分为:情感耗竭(28.09±10.26)分,去个性化(11.84±5.95)分,个人成就感(27.97±6.02)分。Pearson相关性分析得出,职业倦怠量表中情感耗竭和去个性化两个维度与死亡态度量表中死亡恐惧、死亡逃避和逃离接受维度均呈正相关;个人成就感维度与自然接受、趋近接受维度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论被调查的医护人员对于死亡的态度以自然接受为主,存在中度的职业倦怠感,医护人员对待死亡的态度和职业倦怠之间存在一定的正相关关系。医院管理者应加强对相关人员死亡教育的培训,加强心理疏导,从而缓解其面对死亡的心理压力,要注意肯定医护人员的工作,增加自身价值感,减轻其对工作的倦怠情绪,从而更好地为患者服务。

Objective To investigate the status quo of medical staff's attitude towards death and job burnout in Neijiang Tertiary General Hospital,and further explore the correlation between them.Methods From June 2019 to March 2020,the convenience sampling method was used to select the medical staff working in four gradeⅢgeneral hospitals in Neijiang city as the research object,and the general information questionnaire,death attitude description scale and job burnout scale were used to conduct the questionnaire survey.Results 1014 medical staff completed the questionnaire survey,and the average scores of the five dimensions of death attitude were:fear of death(21.59±5.32),death avoidance(16.35±4.21),natural acceptance(19.88±2.64),approach acceptance(26.43±7.81),and escape acceptance(13.63±4.62).The average scores of the three dimensions of job burnout were:emotional exhaustion(28.09±10.26),deindividuation(11.84±5.95)and personal achievement(27.97±6.02).Pearson correlation analysis showed that emotional exhaustion and deindividuation in job burnout scale were positively correlated with fear of death,death avoidance and escape acceptance in death attitude scale.The dimension of personal achievement was positively correlated with the dimension of natural acceptance and approach acceptance(P<0.05).Conclusion The attitude of the surveyed medical staff to death is mainly natural acceptance,with moderate job burnout,there is a positive correlation between the attitude of medical staff to death and job burnout.Hospital managers should strengthen the death education and training of relevant personnel,strengthen psychological counseling,relieve their psychological pressure in the face of death,pay attention to the work of medical staff,increase their sense of value,reduce their job burnout,so as to better serve patients.