水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及其在乳胶制品中的应用

Preparation of Waterborne Polyurethane Emulsion and Its Application in Latex Products

研究水性聚氨酯乳液制备时二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)用量(质量分数)、异氰酸酯基(—NCO)/羟基(—OH)物质的量比、聚四氢呋喃醚(PTMEG)2000/聚丙二醇(PPG)2000并用量(质量分数)及物质的量比对水性聚氨酯乳液及其制得的乳胶制品(安全套和手套)性能的影响。结果表明:当DMBA用量为3%、—NCO/—OH物质的量比为1.5/1、PTMEG2000/PPG2000并用量为68%时,调整PTMEG2000/PPG2000物质的量比为9/1,制备了粒子细小且带蓝光、稳定性好的水性聚氨酯乳液,以其制得的安全套拉伸强度和拉断伸长率分别为27.8 MPa和1010%;单独采用PTMEG2000制备的水性聚氨酯乳液制得的手套的最大拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别达到37.5 MPa和54 kN·m^(-1)。

The effects of the amount(mass fraction)of dimethylol butyric acid,the mole ratio of isocyanate group(—NCO)/hydroxyl group(—OH),the total amount(mass fraction)and mole ratio of polytetrahydrofuran ether(PTMEG2000)and polypropylene glycol(PPG2000)on the properties of the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and its latex products(condoms and gloves)were studied.The results showed that,when the DMBA amount was 3%,—NCO/—OH mole ratio was 1.5/1,the total mass fraction of PTMEG2000 and PPG2000 was 68%,and the mole ratio of PTMEG2000/PPG2000 was adjusted to 9/1,the waterborne polyurethane emulsion with small particle size,blue light appearance and good stability was prepared,and the tensile strength and elongation at break of the condoms prepared by this waterborne polyurethane emulsion reached 27.8 MPa and 1010%,respectively.When the emulsion was prepared by using PTMEG2000 as the only hydroxyl component,the maximum tensile strength and tear strength of the gloves produced by using the emulsion could reach 37.5 MPa and 54 kN·m^(-1) respectively.