谷子花生间作错期播种对谷子农艺性状及产量的影响

Intermission Seeding Under Millet and Peanut Intercropping:Effects on the Agronomic Traits and Yield of Millet

为了研究谷子花生间作下错期播种对谷子农艺性状及产量的影响,本试验以谷子品系‘金选6号’为试验材料,设置6个谷子播期处理(分别为T1:5月15日、T2:5月20日、T3:5月25日、T4:5月30日、T5:6月4日、T6:6月9日),花生播种日期为5月15日;通过测定不同处理的谷子农艺性状、产量因素以及产量,研究了谷子花生间作模式下错期播种对作物产量及间作生产力的变化。结果表明,随着谷子播期的推迟,谷子的株高、穗重、穗长以及穗粒重出现先降低后增加的趋势,而谷子的茎粗、干重以及成穗率等指标呈现降低的趋势。在间作条件下,谷子的产量与穗长存在显著正相关性(0.911*)。同时,结果显示播期越晚,花生对谷子影响较大,从而影响了谷子的穗长和穗粒重,不利于谷子产量的形成;在不同播期处理中,随着播期的延长,LER呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,到T4播期时LER至最大,之后变小,直到T6播期时LER小于1,即开始存在间作劣势。因此,在本试验条件下中,在T4播期即谷子比花生播期晚10天时,谷子花生间作的综合产量可到最大值,谷子也有较大产量。

The aim is to study the effect of intermission seeding under millet and peanut intercropping on millet agronomic traits and yield.The millet variety‘Jinxuan 6’was used as material,6 seeding dates of millet(T1:May 15,T2:May 20,T3:May 25,T4:May 30,T5:June 4 and T6:June 9)were set up,and the seeding date of peanut was May 15.Then the agronomic traits,yield factors and yield of millet were explored in different treatments,and the yield and intercropping productivity under the millet and peanut intercropping mode were studied.The results showed that with the postponing of millet sowing date,the height,ear weight,ear length and grain weight of millet decreased first and then increased,while the stalk thickness,dry weight and ear formation rate of millet presented a decreasing trend.Under intercropping,there was a significantly positive correlation between millet yield and ear length(0.911*).At the same time,the later the sowing date of millet,the greater the impact of peanut on millet,which could affect the ear length and the grain weight per spike of millet and was not good for millet yield formation.The land equivalence ratio(LER)of the intercropping mode increased first and then decreased with the postponing of the sowing date,and the LER of T4 reached the maximum,and then decreased,the LER was less than 1 at T6,showing the disadvantages of intercropping.Therefore,under the condition of this experiment,at T4(when sowing date of millet was 10 days later than the sowing date of peanut),the comprehensive yield of millet and peanut intercropping could reach the maximum and the yield of millet was relatively high.