中国康养旅游政策的央地互动逻辑及地方响应异质性

The Central-local Interactive Logic and Local Response Heterogeneity of Health and Wellness Tourism Policies in China

“健康中国”发展战略下,康养旅游成发展大势,中央和各级地方政府在政策上的互动也成为产业发展的关注点。运用文本分析法对我国中央与地方多份康养旅游政策进行央地互动逻辑剖析和地方响应解读,发现:问题源流、政治源流、政策源流共同推进我国康养旅游政策发展,可分为“顶层设计—示范推行—提质升级”三个阶段;“自下而上”的试点与“自上而下”的推行相呼应是我国康养旅游政策发展的重要方式;康养旅游政策发展在东、中、西部间既存在共同取向又有所差异,体现了政策响应的在地性。因此,应积极构建央地政府间常态化的反馈机制,以提高央地互动的紧密性、及时性和系统性,加强精细化专项政策指导,同时以需求为导向动态调整和优化产业政策。

Under the strategy of“healthy China”,health and wellness tourism begins to thrive,and the interaction between central and local policies has become the focus of industrial development.Based on the analysis of the interaction logic between central and local governments and the interpretation of local responses to more than 400 health and wellness tourism policies in China,we found that the sources of problems,political sources and policy sources jointly promote the development of health and wellness tourism policies,which can be divided into three stages,i.e.,“top-level design”,“demonstration implementation”and“quality upgrading”.The combination of“bottom-top”pilot and“top-bottom”implementation is an important way for the development of health and wellness tourism policies;there are both common orientation and differences in the development of health and wellness tourism policies among the eastern,central,and western regions,which reflects the local nature of policy response.Therefore,it is suggested to build a regular feedback mechanism between central and local governments to improve the closeness,timeliness,and systematisms of the interaction between them,strengthen the guidance of refined special policies,and dynamically adjust and optimize industrial policies based on demand.