无人驾驶技术对货运市场的影响及启示

Impact of Unmanned Driving Technology on the Freight Market and Its Insights

随着人工智能技术的广泛应用,其对交通运输领域产生的影响也在逐步加深。在交通运输领域,人工智能技术最直接、直观的表现之一就是无人驾驶,无人驾驶的大规模应用将会对公路运输经营产生直接和间接影响。从运输成本和运输组织模式角度分析无人驾驶技术对公路运输的积极影响,结果表明:受公路货运成本中人工成本、折旧、保险的影响,无人驾驶技术将使公路货运成本在目前的基础上下降约19%;无人驾驶技术将为资本进入公路货运提供便利,改变目前公路货运的“小散弱”局面,同时公路货运组织将趋向“铁路化”。基于此,从推动铁路运输行业发展和促进市场竞争的站位出发,提出提升铁路运输服务质量、利用公路无人驾驶技术拓展铁路服务链条、开展无人化相关技术在铁路作业环节的研究及应用等铁路运输行业应对措施,以推进综合交通运输的协调发展。

Artificial intelligence technology has deepened its impact on the field of transportation as it is widely applied.In the field of transportation,unmanned driving,one of the most direct and intuitive manifestations of artificial intelligence technology,will have a direct and indirect impact on highway transportation operations when it is large-scale applied.This paper analyzed the positive impact of unmanned driving on highway transportation from the perspective of transportation cost and transportation organization mode.The results show that affected by labor cost,depreciation,and insurance in highway freight cost,unmanned driving can reduce highway freight cost by about 19%on the current basis;unmanned driving can facilitate the capital to enter the road freight,changing the current small-scattered-weak situation of highway freight,and the highway freight organization can develop in the direction as the railway.To develop the railway transport industry and promote the market competition,this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions in the railway transportation industry,such as improving the service quality of the railway industry,applying highway unmanned driving technology to expand the railway service chain,and promoting the research and application of unmanned technology in railway operations so as to advance the coordinated development of comprehensive transportation.