论智媒时代算法言论传播真实性的证明标准

On the Proof Standard of the Authenticity of Algorithmic Speech in the Age of Intelligent Media

算法言论于司法而言何以真实,这是智媒时代名誉权侵权判定的关键问题。两起“今日头条”名誉侵权案凸显了算法言论传播真实性司法证明存在的两大问题:一方面,针对算法技术本身进行批评的言论是难以从根本上得到证明的;另一方面,呈现的证据与待证事实之间的关联性较弱,不足以证明算法言论是真实的。由此,智媒时代算法言论传播真实性的司法证明标准可以从两个方面展开:一是合理分配证明责任,有条件地减轻算法言论真实性的举证责任;二是基于算法技术问题和算法技术风险之间是充分非必要关系,可以围绕算法技术问题本身,构建智媒时代言论传播真实性的抽象证据标准。

How the speech about algorithms is true for the judiciary is a key issue in the determination of reputation right infringement in the age of intelligent media.In two cases of reputation right infringement of Toutiao against We-Media,the two major problems in the judicial proof of the authenticity of the speech about algorithms in communication were mainly highlighted:for one respect,it is difficult to prove the criticism of algorithm technology is right or wrong fundamentally;for another respect,the relevance between evidence and facts to be proved is weak,which is not enough to prove the speech about algorithms is true.To this end,the judicial proof standard of the authenticity of speech communication in the era of intelligent media can be carried out from two aspects:first,the burden of proof in litigation should be allocated reasonably,while we should conditionally reduce the burden of proof for the authenticity of the defendant′s speech;second,we should notify that problems of algorithm technology is an unnecessary and sufficient condition of risks of algorithm technology,and build abstract evidence standards for the authenticity of the speech about algorithms in communication in the age of intelligent media by focusing on the problems of algorithm technology.