认知、辨析与整合:国际冬季两项项目研究实践前沿

Cognition,Discrimination and Integration:Research Frontiers of International Biathlon Project

基于“整体论”的视角,审视冬季两项基础体能的认知转向、射击过程的内涵辨析和运动表现影响因素的研究整合三个方面的问题,探讨国际冬季两项项目研究的发展。基础体能的提高和保持是维持高水平竞技表现的根基,缩小与国外高水平选手的体能差距是解决冬季两项越野滑雪部分成绩和训练及比赛后迅速恢复的重要抓手。在冬季两项科学研究领域,精英运动员的射击过程和射击表现是冬季两项体育科学重点研究领域,体现出项目的全过程性与客观性是关键。气候、器材设备、雪质、运动疲劳及心理等客观因素和主观因素会对冬季两项运动员竞技表现产生多维、复杂的影响,冬季两项动静转换方面的相关研究、实验室测试和现场测试的有机协同研究相对缺乏。因此,应以塑造冬季两项运动员整体警惕表现为最终目的,以整合的思路、多元化的视角来解读项目的多维层面,将是未来冬季两项项目研究的发展方向,这为运动员竞技能力提升提供了稳固的理论与实践的结构基础。

Based on the perspective of "holism", it examines the three aspects of the cognitive turn of the basic physical stamina of the biathlon, the analysis of the connotation of the shooting process, and the research and integration of the factors affecting sports performance and discusses the development of the international biathlon project. Using the literature method and logical analysis method, by focusing on the theoretical and practical aspects of the biathlon project research, further interpret the development process of the international biathlon research dimension. Then it refines and summarizes the important characteristics of the current biathlon research. The results show that the improvement and maintenance of basic physical fitness is the foundation for maintaining high-level athletic performance, and reducing the physical fitness gap with foreign high-level athletes is an important starting point for solving the partial performance of biathlon cross-country skiing and the rapid recovery after training and competition. In the field of biathlon scientific research, the shooting process and shooting performance of elite athletes is the key research field of biathlon sports science, reflecting that the whole process and objectivity of the project are the key. The objective and subjective factors such as climate, equipment and equipment, snow quality, sports fatigue and psychology will have a multi-dimensional and complex impact on the competitive performance of biathlon athletes. The related research, laboratory test and field test on the dynamic and static conversion of biathlon Organic collaborative research is relatively lacking. Therefore, the ultimate goal should be to shape the overall vigilance performance of biathlon athletes, and to interpret the multi-dimensional aspects of the project with integrated thinking and diversified perspectives will be the development direction of future biathlon research and provide a solid foundation for the improvement of athletes’ competitive ability. The structural basis of theory and practice.