内燃机用曲轴成形工艺分析及组织模拟研究

Forming Process Analysis and Microstructure Simulation of Crankshaft for Internal Combustion Engine

大型曲轴是大型内燃机的关键零件,往往通过锻造成形进行加工制造。由于大型曲轴的直径比较大、形状复杂等,在实际生产过程中,往往存在锻造部件精度低、流线分布不合理、晶粒细化不充分等问题,采用DEFORM-3D软件对大型内燃机用曲轴TR镦锻过程进行了数值模拟仿真,实现了曲轴锻造宏观成形和微观组织演变的模拟。通过模拟分析,得到了曲轴塑性流动规律与特点,并对曲轴内部组织、晶粒尺寸变化进行了预测,可有效的提高锻件的质量,减少试验的次数,降低产品开发成本的目的。

Large crankshaft is the key part of large internal combustion engine,which is often manufactured by forging.Due to the large diameter and complex shape of large crankshaft,there are often some problems in the actual production process,such as low precision of forging parts,unreasonable streamline distribution and insufficient grain refinement.The TR upsetting process of crankshaft for large internal combustion engine is numerically simulated by DEFORM-3D software,and the simulation of crankshaft forging macro forming and microstructure evolution is realized.Through simulation analysis,the plastic flow law and characteristics of crankshaft are obtained,and the changes of internal structure and grain size of crankshaft are predicted,which can effectively improve the quality of forgings,reduce the number of tests and reduce the cost of product development.