“政府-市场-社会”协同视角下欧盟农业可持续发展的经验与启示

The EU’s Agricultural Sustainable Development Experience and Enlightenment from the Perspective of“Government-Market-Society”Cooperation

农业可持续发展是提高农业综合生产能力,实现农业高质量发展的必然要求,系统探索农业可持续发展路径显得尤为紧迫.欧盟经验表明:政府层面的法律法规规制和政策支持,市场层面的溢价机制和履行企业社会责任,协会层面的协调、服务和监督功能,消费需求对可持续发展导向的强化,以及基于农村发展项目和产业链发展项目的多主体协同机制,共同促进了欧盟农业可持续发展.本文结合中国和欧盟在农业可持续发展阶段、支持政策和参与主体等方面的差异,得出以下启示:健全完善农业可持续发展导向的法律法规体系和农业政策支持体系;提高企业有机、绿色农产品认证参与程度,提升农业产业链纵向协作紧密程度和培养企业社会责任;重视农业行业协会能力建设和消费者可持续发展意识的引导;探索多元主体参与的农业可持续发展协同机制.

Sustainable agricultural development is an inevitable requirement for improving comprehensive agricultural production capacity and achieving high-quality agricultural development.It is particularly urgent to systematically explore sustainable agricultural development paths.The experience of the European Union(EU)shows that:government-level laws and regulations and policy support,market-level premium mechanisms and performance of corporate social responsibilities,association-level coordination,service and supervision functions,consumer-side enhancement of sustainable development orientation.The multi-agent coordination mechanism basic of rural development projects and industrial chain development projects,has promoted the sustainable development of EU agriculture.Combining the differences between China and EU in the stage of sustainable agricultural development,supporting policies and participants,the following enlightenment can be drawn:improve the legal and regulatory system and agricultural policy support system oriented to sustainable agricultural development;improve the certification of organic and green agricultural products by enterprises,enhance the closeness of the vertical collaboration of the agricultural industry chain,and cultivate corporate social responsibility;attach importance to the capacity building of agricultural industry associations and the guidance of consumers’awareness of sustainable agriculture;explore a coordinated mechanism for sustainable agricultural development involving multiple subjects.