“双减”背景下中小学体育教师专业发展的生态化路径研究

Research on the Ecological Paths of Professional Development of Primary and Secondary School Physical Education Teachers under the Background of“Double Reduction”

体育教师是推动体育教育高质量发展的关键,“双减”政策的颁布与实施为体育教育的发展带来重大机遇,也对中小学体育教师的专业能力提出更高要求。基于教育生态学视角,运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、专家访谈法分析“双减”政策的实施对中小学体育教师专业发展环境的影响。研究发现:“双减”改善了体育教师专业发展的学校环境、社会环境以及经济环境,并对教师个体内在环境产生影响,与此同时,要求体育教师提升自身的育人能力、育体能力、创造能力以及作业指导能力。为有效回应“双减”对体育教师专业发展的时代诉求,研究基于整体、联系的视角分析中小学体育教师专业发展的生态系统理论模型,从教师生命存在的内、外环境入手,以“教师生命的可持续发展”为根本价值取向,构建体育教师专业发展的生态化路径。在优化内部环境方面提出,营造教师生命发展的文化生态,唤醒体育教师专业发展的生命自觉、聚焦生态个体的能动作用,提升体育教师的综合能力、减轻不合理的工作负担,激发教师专业发展的原动力;并从保障休息权、加强课后服务补贴、完善硬件设施以及改革教师评价制度等方面强化外部保障。

Physical education teachers are the key to promote the high-quality development of physical education.The promulgation and implementation of the"double reduction"policy has brought great opportunities to the development of physical education,and put forward higher requirements for the professional ability of primary and secondary school physical education teachers.From the perspective of educational ecology,this paper uses the methods of literature review,logical analysis and expert interview to analyze the impact of the implementation of the“double reduction”policy on the professional development environment of primary and secondary school physical education teachers.It is found that“double reduction”improves the school environment,social psychological environment and economic environment of physical education teachers’professional development.At the same time,physical education teachers are required to improve their educational ability,physical education ability,creativity and homework guidance ability.In order to effectively respond to the era demand of“double reduction”for P.E.teachers’professional development,this paper analyzes the theoretical model of the ecosystem of primary and secondary school P.E.teachers’professional development from the perspective of integrity and connection,starting from the internal and external environment of teachers’life,taking“sustainable development of teachers’life”as the fundamental value orientation,and constructing the ecological path of physical education teachers’professional development;In terms of optimizing the internal environment,it is proposed to create the cultural ecology of teachers’life development,awaken the life consciousness of physical education teachers’professional development,focus on the dynamic role of ecological individuals,improve the comprehensive ability of physical education teachers,reduce unreasonable work burden,and stimulate the source power of teachers’professional development;In terms of strengthening external assurance,it mainly includes ensuring the right to rest,strengthening after-school service subsidies,improving hardware facilities and reforming the teacher evaluation system.