三峡水库消落区自然植被群落分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Natural Vegetation Communities in the Drawdown Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir

为了调查清楚三峡水库消落区自然植被群落的分布特征,在三峡水库消落区设置了251个样地进行调查研究。结果表明,在土质边坡、岩质边坡和混合质边坡中,狗牙根群落占绝对优势;在145~155 m、155~165 m、165~175 m高程区间,狗牙根群落均有分布且数量较多,其次为苍耳群落和狗尾草群落,且随着高程的增加植物种类和盖度均逐渐增加;在缓坡区(小于15°)、中缓坡区(15°~25°)和陡坡区(大于25°),狗牙根群落均占绝对优势,其中中缓坡区植物种类和盖度最高。在三峡水库消落区不同边坡类型、不同高程区间和不同坡度范围内的植物分布以狗牙根、苍耳、狗尾草为主,其中狗牙根在不同分布环境中均为优势种,为大型水库消落区的生态恢复技术及理论研究提供数据支撑。

In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of natural vegetation communities in the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir,251 sample plots were set up in the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir for investigation and research.The results show that in the soil slope,rock slope and mixed slope,the bermudagrass community is absolutely dominant;in the elevation interval of 145~155m,155~165m,and 165~175m,the bermudagrass community is distributed and the number is relatively large.There are many,followed by the Xanthium community and the setaria community,and the plant species and coverage gradually increase with the increase in elevation;in the gentle slope area(less than 15°),the moderately gentle slope area(15°~25°)and the steep slope area(greater than 25°)The bermudagrass community is absolutely dominant,among which the plant species and coverage are the highest in the moderately gentle slope area.In the water-leveling zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir,the distribution of plants in different slope types,different elevation intervals and different slope ranges is dominated by bermudagrass,cocklebur and setaria.Among them,bermudagrass are dominant species in different distribution environments.It provides data support for the ecological restoration technology and theoretical research of large reservoir drawdown area.