跨境数据流动法律规制协调性之检视与重塑

Rectifying and Restoring the Systematic Balance of Data Transfer Regulation

作为数据保护的题中应有之义,跨境数据流动法律规制既具有必要性又具有现实性。在夯实总体国家安全观、促进数字贸易发展双重目标下,规范跨境数据流动法律规制体系的核心在于协调数据安全保障与数据有序流动之间的关系。然而,通过规范检视我国现有跨境数据流动法律规制体系可知,高强度的数据流动控制规则设计与数字贸易发展需求之间并不协调,有阻碍我国数据安全理念全面落实、妨碍数据贸易进一步发展之虞。为克服现有不协调之困境,一方面,应当以维护国家数据安全为基点,在跨境数据流动法律规制体系内部重塑价值位阶;另一方面,应当将内部价值外部化,通过规制设计明确数据出境限制范围之节制性,强调规制规则外部衔接之妥当性,以提升整个跨境数据流动法律规制体系的协调性。

As a key aspect in data protection issues,it is necessary to regulate data transfer regulation.The purposes of regulation is to take solid steps for the implementation of a holistic approach to national security,while spur the development of digital trade.With the dual goals in mind,data transfer regulation has to guard against data security risks and to free yet orderly flow of data simultaneously.However,focusing on China’s data transfer regulation system,the imbalance is highlighted:the high powered regulation over data transfer could not tap the potentials of digital trade,and even impede digital trade moving forward.In order to remove the obstacles,it is necessary not only to restore the balance of the dual-values system,leading by the holistic approach to national security,but also to externalize the inner values into detailed measures,through identifying scope of regulation,and coordinating the linkages among data transfer rules.This could ensure the implementation of laws to balance economic development and security imperatives.