论康拉德《进步前哨》中物化与询唤对主体的影响

Analysis of Reification and Interpellation of Joseph Conrad’s An Outpost of Progress

在高度物化的社会中,人们的行为举止和心理变化都受到物的影响。同时意识形态把个人询唤为主体,使其听从于意识形态话语。约瑟夫·康拉德的《进步前哨》叙述了三个被严重物化的主体对询唤的不同反应:凯亦兹始终没有觉醒,最终成为双重压迫下的牺牲品;卡利尔意识到了意识形态的骗局,但在试图抗拒询唤之际被误杀;黑人马可拉反而能拒绝询唤,游离在西方意识形态之外。通过分析物化与询唤对三人的影响,揭示了资本主义社会物化现象对人的戕害、主流意识形态的伪善、主体对询唤不同的应答方式和人类文明进程的不确定性。

In a highly-reified society, one’s behavior and mentality are greatly influenced by commodity.In the meantime, an individual is interpellated as subject by ideology, and then becomes obedient to the mainstream discourse. An Outpost of Progress by Joseph Conrad presents how the three highly-reified subjects react differently to interpellation. Devoid of any awareness, Kayerts ends up as a victim to reification and interpellation;Carlier is killed by Kayerts in an incident on the verge of his realizing ideological deception. Makola, the negro, is able to refuse interpellation and drift outside of the colonism ideology. By analyzing the impact of reification and interpellation upon the three, this article reveals serious reification and hypocritical ideology of capitalism as well as the uncertainties in human being’s development.