中药单体川芎嗪在疾病治疗中的应用与机制研究进展

Research progress on application and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine tetramethylpyrazine in disease treatment

川芎嗪又称四甲基吡嗪,是提取自伞形科藁本属植物川芎根茎的一种中药单体成分,属于酰胺类生物碱。川芎嗪除了具有传统的活血祛瘀、抑制血小板聚集、扩张血管、改善血液循环、缓解疼痛等作用外,随着研究的不断深入,发现川芎嗪还具有心脑血管疾病预防与治疗、多器官如心脏、脑组织和肾脏等的缺血再灌注损伤修复、血管内皮保护、肿瘤抑制、哮喘病人气道重塑、钙超载抑制和免疫调节等作用。现从川芎嗪在心血管疾病、脑疾病、肾损伤、肿瘤等疾病中的应用,对近几年川芎嗪最新研究进展进行综述,以期为川芎嗪的临床应用提供参考。

Ligustrazine also known as tetramethylpyrazine(TMPZ),is a kind of monomer component of traditional Chinese medicine extracted from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong hort,which belongs to amide alkaloids.Ligustrazine has the classic functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,inhibiting platelet aggregation,dilating blood vessels,improving blood circulation,and relieving pain.In addition,with the deepening of research,it was found that ligustrazine also has the functions of prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,repair of ischemia-reperfusion injury of multiple organs such as heart,brain tissue and kidney,vascular endothelial protection,tumor inhibition,airway remodeling,calcium overload inhibition and immune regulation in asthma patients.This article will review the latest research progress of ligustrazine in recent years from the application of ligustrazine in cardiovascular disease,brain disease,kidney injury,tumor and other diseases,in order to provide reference for the clinical application of ligustrazine.