同时测量脉冲磁场和电场的仿真研究

Study on simultaneous measurement of pulsed magnetic field and electric field

针对脉冲电磁场的时间短、稳定性差,分别测量电场和磁场会造成准确率降低的问题,设计了一个同时测量脉冲磁场和电场的方案。首先利用理论知识对电场和磁场的关系进行推导,然后通过CST2020对半波对称天线进行建模,并且对天线的负载效应和尺寸效应做了仿真,来确定天线的外形。最后利用电荷灵敏放大电路对信号进行处理。仿真结果为半波对称天线的长度为15 mm,负载电容为1 pF和负载电阻为1 MΩ是最佳长度。电荷灵敏放大电路对信号进行处理,脉冲电流信号范围为0.1~10μA,电磁场的测量范围为线性误差在0.822%左右。仿真表明半波对称振子天线的外形参数以及电荷灵敏放大电路测试脉冲电磁场的波形能够满足要求。

In view of the short time and poor stability of pulsed electromagnetic field,measuring electric field and magnetic field respectively will reduce the accuracy.In this paper,a scheme for measuring pulsed magnetic field and electric field at the same time is designed.Firstly,the relationship between electric field and magnetic field is deduced by using theoretical knowledge,then the half wave symmetrical antenna is modeled by CST2020,and the load effect and size effect of the antenna are simulated to determine the shape of the antenna.Finally,the signal is processed by charge sensitive amplification circuit.The simulation results show that the length of half wave symmetrical antenna is 15 mm,the load capacitance is 1 pF and the load resistance is 1 MΩ,which is the best length.The charge sensitive amplification circuit processes the signal,the pulse current signal range is 0.1μA~10μA,the measurement range of electromagnetic field is linear,and the error is about 0.822%.The simulation results show that the shape parameters of half wave symmetrical dipole antenna and the waveform of pulsed electromagnetic field measured by charge sensitive amplification circuit can meet the requirements.