中国城市高质量发展的时空格局及收敛性检验

Spatial-Temporal Pattern and Convergence Test of Urban High-Quality Development in China

从创新能力、结构优化、基础设施、绿色发展、民生福祉五个维度构建了城市高质量发展评价指标体系,之后对中国283个地级及以上城市2010—2019年的高质量发展综合得分进行了测算,并进一步分析了城市高质量发展的动态轨迹、空间分布和收敛性。研究发现:各城市高质量发展水平呈稳步上升趋势,其中经济发展质量较高的城市大多分布在东部地区,且直辖市、副省级城市等大中城市的高质量发展情况明显优于一般地级市;无论是从全国整体还是分地区、分城市规模来看,各城市的高质量发展水平都没有出现σ收敛,发展不平衡问题仍非常突出;各城市的高质量发展存在β收敛,异质性仅在于收敛速度稍有不同;城市高质量发展五个维度的空间分布与高质量发展综合得分的空间分布不尽相同,但同样存在显著的β收敛特征。

This paper constructed the evaluation index system of urban high-quality development from five dimensions of innovation ability, structure optimization, infrastructure, green development and people’s livelihood welfare, and then measured the comprehensive scores of the high-quality development in 283 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2010 to 2019. Followed analysis focused on the dynamic track, spatial distribution and convergence of urban high-quality development. The results showed that, there was a steady increasing trend of the high-quality development level of each city. Most higher-level developed cities located in eastern region. Besides, some large and medium-sized cities, such as municipalities directly under the central government and subprovincial cities, had a better situation of high-quality development than that in general prefecture-level cities. Moreover, the highquality development level of each city hasn’t appeared σ convergence at both national level and regional level, so there was still an outstanding issue of unbalanced development. However, the high-quality development of each city has shown β convergence, and only convergence speed had heterogeneity. Although the spatial distribution of the five dimensions of urban high-quality development differed from the spatial distribution of their comprehensive scores, they both had significant β convergence.