Toxoplasma gondii infection in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report and literature review

Introduction:Toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT).However,for several reasons,clinicians know little about Toxoplasma infection.Case presentation:We report a case of toxoplasmosis that was diagnosed by bone marrow smear and metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)after HSCT in a boy.Additionally,we summarize the characteristics of toxoplasmosis after pediatric HSCT reported in the literature published in PubMed.Conclusion:Clinicians should increase their awareness of toxoplasmosis in children after HSCT and implement pre-transplant screening and post-transplant monitoring and prevention in future according to the national conditions of our country.