野生动物鉴定技术研究进展

Research Progress on Wildlife Identification Technology

随着我国生态环境保护的日益重视,开展野生动物调查和打击非法盗猎违法行为等成为生态学研究和保护的重要手段,而野生动物鉴定是生态学研究的基础内容之一。野生动物鉴定还在濒危物种保护、物种多样性分析以及打击商业性肉食品掺假等方面具有重要作用。野生动物鉴定技术的发展历经了形态学鉴定、理化鉴定和分子鉴定的发展历程,鉴定材料也从宏观材料发展到痕量样品。本文综述了野生动物形态学鉴定、理化鉴定和分子鉴定的基本原理以及具体应用,目的在于为野生动物鉴定提供参考。

With the development of ecological environment protection in China, wildlife investigation and cracking down on illegal poaching have become an important part of ecological research and protection, and wildlife identification is the basis of ecological studies. Wildlife identification is also of great significance in the endangered species protection, the analysis of species diversity and the fight against commercial meat adulteration. Wildlife identification technology’s development has gone through the developmental process of morphological identification, physical and chemical identification and molecular identification, and the identification materials are also from macroscopic to trace samples. This review summarized the basic principles and specific applications of morphological identification, physical and chemical identification and molecular identification, in order to provide some reference data for wildlife identification.