中国城市群城市经济增长的网络外部性及其作用机制

Network Externalities of Urban Economic Growth in Chinese Urban Agglomerations and the Mechanism

中国城市群将成为未来中国城镇化的主要空间载体,也是未来中国经济增长的重要引擎,而城市网络外部性是挖掘城市群经济增长潜力的关键途径。本文基于城市网络外部性的理论构建城市群城市经济增长的模型,运用空间计量的实证方法,利用2003—2019年中国12个城市群178个地级及以上城市平衡面板数据,实证检验中国城市群城市经济增长的网络外部性及其作用机制。实证结果表明,相比城市群外的城市网络外部性,城市群内的劳动力和技术产生更强的正向城市网络外部性,且城市群内部的高铁可达性可以强化劳动力的正向城市网络外部性,城市群内部的产业关联度可以强化技术的正向城市网络外部性。根据本文结论,加强城市群内城市间联系,完善城市群内交通基础设施,促进城市群内城市间产业关联,是中国城市群未来实现城市经济协同增长的主要途径。

China’s urban agglomeration will become the main spatial carrier of urbanization and an important engine of economic growth in the future,while urban network externality is a key way to exploit the economic growth potential of urban agglomerations.Based on the theory of urban network externalities,this paper constructs a model of urban economic growth in urban agglomerations and employs the spatial econometrics to empirically test urban network externalities of urban economic growth and the mechanism in urban agglomerations,using the balanced panel data of 178 prefecture-level and above cities in 12 urban agglomerations in China from 2003 to 2019.The empirical results show that compared with urban network externalities outside the urban agglomerations,labor and technology within the urban agglomeration generate stronger positive urban network externalities,the accessibility of high-speed railways within the urban agglomeration can strengthen the positive urban network externalities of labor,and the degree of industrial relevance within the urban agglomeration can strengthen the positive urban network externality of technology.According to the conclusions,strengthening the connections between cities,improving the transportation infrastructure and promoting the industrial relevance between cities within urban agglomerations are the main ways for China’s urban agglomerations to achieve the coordinated growth of the urban economy in the future.