不同种源黄连木苗期生长性状比较及评价

Comparison and Evaluation of Pistacia chinensis Seedling Growth from Different Provenances

为给河北区域的黄连木优良种源筛选、培育利用提供参考,对来自河北、河南、山东、江苏4省的13个黄连木种源开展田间试验,测定不同种源黄连木幼苗的苗高、地径、总根长、主根长、根系表面积、总根体积、根平均直径、根尖数等地上与地下部分生长性状及根干质量、叶干质量、茎干质量、总生物量、根冠比等生物量数据,分析不同生长指标与种源地环境因素之间的相关性,并分别采用聚类分析、主成分分析对13个种源进行分类及对其幼苗的生长状况进行综合评估。结果显示:除了主根长以外,其余指标在种源间均存在显著差异(P<0.05);各指标变异范围为15.20%~26.39%;13个种源可以分为3大类,其中红鹤、驾游、红旗、潍坊、南果、固新和东岗属于生长较好的第Ⅱ大类;相关性分析中,原种源地海拔较高且降雨量较少的黄连木幼苗在试验地的生长情况较好;各种源总体评估前4名分别是南果、红鹤、潍坊和固新的种源,与聚类分析所得结果一致。结果表明,南果、红鹤、潍坊和固新为河北地区育苗、育种首选的黄连木种源。

In order to provide reference for selecting excellent Pistacia chinensis provenances in Hebei region, 13 wild P.chinensis seeds from Hebei, Henan and Shandong were used as experimental raw materials and cultivated in the field.Firstly, the growth of aboveground and underground parts of P.chinensis seedlings from different provenances was recorded, and then 13 provenances were classified by cluster analysis, and the correlation between different growth indexes and environmental factors of provenances was analyzed.Finally, the growth status of P.chinensis seedlings from different provenances was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.The results showed that among the growth indexes of different P.chinensis seedlings, except the main root length, there were significant differences in seedling height, ground diameter, total root length, root surface area, average root diameter, total root volume, root tip number, root dry weight, stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, total biomass and root-shoot ratio(P<0.05).From the aspect of variation, all indexes are relatively stable, and the variation range is 15.20% ~ 26.39%.Cluster results showed that 13 provenances could be divided into three categories, among which flamingo, Jiayou, Hongqi, Weifang, Nanguo, Guxin and Donggang belonged to the second category with better growth.In the correlation analysis, P.chinensis seedlings with higher altitude and less rainfall in the original seed source grew well in the experimental site.The results of principal component analysis showed that the top four provenances were Nanguo, Honghe, Weifang and Guxin, which were consistent with the results of cluster analysis.In general, Nanguo, Honghe, Weifang and Guxin provenances are the first choice of P.chinensis provenances for cultivation and breeding in Hebei.