财政支农、普惠金融发展与农户减贫增收:基于中部六省的异质性研究

Fiscal Support for Agriculture,Inclusive Finance Development and Poverty Reduction&Income Increase of Farmers:A Heterogeneity Study of Six Provinces in Central China

本文在财政支农、普惠金融发展对农户减贫增收机理分析的基础上,构建了反映三者关系的计量模型。以中部六省2006-2018年为样本,利用泰尔指数测度了财政支农的异质性,借助普惠金融指标体系测度了金融发展水平,深入研究了财政支农和普惠金融发展对农户收入及结构性收入的差异性效应。研究结果显示:从农户的总收入看,财政支农和普惠金融发展对农户减贫增收具有明显的正效应;从农户的收入结构看,财政支农具有显著的积极作用,但普惠金融存在一定的抑制效应;以经营性收入为主的省份,普惠金融的作用是积极的,但在以工资性收入为主的省份其作用是消极的;从财政因素看,财政支农效应呈现先促进后抑制的“U”型特征,说明中部六省财政支农力度相对不足;从财政支农的异质性看,存在显著的正效应,这说明有差异的财政政策更利于推动区域经济增长。在上述实证分析的基础上,提出了优化农村经济环境,充分发挥财政支农和金融支农的对策及建议。

Based on the fiscal support for agriculture,inclusive finance development and poverty reduction&income increase of farmers,this paper builds an econometric model reflecting the relationship between the above.Taking six provinces in central China(2006-2012)as samples,the paper measures the heterogeneity of fiscal support for agriculture by using the Theil index and the level of financial development by using the index system of inclusive finance,also deeply studies the difference effect of fiscal support for agriculture and inclusive finance development on farmers’income and structural income.The result shows that:1.Fiscal support for agriculture and inclusive financial development have a significant positive effect on poverty reduction and income increase of farmers from the perspective of total income of them;2.Fiscal support for agriculture exerts a positive effect on farmers’income structure,but inclusive finance has a certain inhibitory effect;3.The inclusive finance functions positively in the provinces with operating income while negatively in the provinces with wage income mainly;4.The effect of fiscal support for agriculture is accelerated first and then inhibited with a“U”shape,indicating that the fiscal support for agriculture in the six central provinces was relatively insufficient;5.There is a significant positive effect from the perspective of the heterogeneity of fiscal support for agriculture,which indicates that different fiscal policies are more conducive to promoting regional economic growth.On the basis of the above empirical analysis,this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the rural economic environment and give full play to the financial support for agriculture.