2017—2020年聊城地区乙型肝炎感染及免疫状况分析

Analysis to hepatitis B virus infection and immunity in patients from 2017 to 2020 in Liaocheng area

目的了解聊城地区患者的乙型肝炎(hepatitis B,简称乙肝)感染和免疫状况,为当地乙肝的防治提供依据。方法采用磁微粒化学发光法对2017—2020年36600例门诊及住院患者进行乙肝5项标志物定量检测,对HBsAg阳性、单HBsAb阳性、5项全阴及HBsAb滴度进行分析。结果检出HBsAg阳性1406例,HBsAb阳性率最高,为52.05%;HBsAg阳性率呈逐年下降趋势;HBsAg阳性率男性高于女性;>4~14岁组HBsAg阳性率最低,为0.00%;>34~44岁组阳性率最高,为7.44%;0~4岁组单HBsAb阳性率最高,为76.34%;5项阴性率最低,为17.07%;“乙肝小三阳”阳性率最高,为62.67%。HBsAb 0~<10 IU/L滴度的人群占比最高,为46.01%。结论聊城地区应将男性和>34~44岁人群体作为重点防控人群,并加强对大三阳模式、小三阳模式和全阴模式人群的监测,积极开展对这些人群乙肝疫苗的补种及预防工作,降低乙肝病毒传播和感染。

Objective The aim of this study is to understand the situation of hepatitis B infection and immunity in different patient groups in Liaocheng area so as to provide theoretical basis for the local prevention and treatment of hepatitis B.Methods Five major quantitative marker detections of hepatitis B virus were performed by the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay(CMIA)to 36600 cases of both outpatients and inpatients from 2017 to 2020.The number of cases of HBsAg-positive,HBsAb-only positive and negative in all five indexes as well as HBsAb titer were statistically analyzed afterward.Results Totally 1406 HBsAg-positive cases were found,therefore the positive rate of HBsAb was the highest(52.05%).However,the positive rate of HBsAg decreased year by year.The HBsAg-positive rate in male patient group was higher than that in female group.The lowest rate of HBsAg-positive was found in>4-14 year-old group,which was zero(0.00%),and the highest in>34-44 year-old group(7.44%).The HBsAb-only positive rate was the highest in the 0-4 year-old group(76.34%)and its negative rate to all five markers was the lowest(17.07%).The positive rate was the highest by applying of HBsAg+HBeAb+HBcAb detections,which was 62.67%.The number of patients with HBsAb titer less than 10 IU/L accounted for the highest proportion(46.01%)in the sample population.Conclusion The male population and people aged 34 to 44 are the prioritized groups in the hepatitis B screening and prevention in Liaocheng area.Furthermore,the monitor to the positive group in HBsAg+HBeAg+HBcAb test,positive group in HBsAg+HBeAb+HBcAb test,and the group of negative in all five markers should be strengthened.Hepatitis B vaccine should be applied to these groups to actively reduce the transmission and infection of hepatitis B virus.