空气阀在带局部凸起点管道系统中的水锤防护效果

The Effect of Air Valves on Water Hammer Protection for a Piping System with a Local Convex Point

结合工程实例,分析了带局部凸起点的管道系统停泵水锤的特点;基于空气阀和水击泄放阀的工作原理,对比分析了普通空气阀、“快进缓排”防水锤型空气阀和“普通空气阀+水击泄放阀”的水锤防护效果。计算结果表明:与普通空气阀相比,“快进缓排”防水锤型空气阀通过限制升压阶段的排气流速,可以有效减小因排气造成的压力上升,具有更好的水锤防护效果;在弥合水锤首先发生的地点设置水击泄放阀可及时向外释放高压流体,可作为防水锤型空气阀失效后的水锤防护后备措施。

Based on an engineering example,the characteristics of pump-stopping water hammer in a pipeline system with a local convex point are analyzed in this paper. Then based on the working principles of the air valve and water hammer relief valve,the water hammer protection effects of three measures,including the ordinary air valve,air valve with the function of“fast in and slow out”,and ordinary air valve adding with water hammer relief valve,were compared and analyzed. The calculation results show that,compared with the ordinary air valve,the air valve with the function of“fast in and slow out”can effectively reduce the water hammer pressure caused by cavities collapsing by limiting the venting speed in the pressure raising stage,and has a better water hammer protection effect. The water hammer relief valve set at the place where the cavities collapsing first occurs can release the high pressure fluid in time,so it can be used as a water hammer protection backup measure after the failure of the function of the“fast in and slow out”the air valve.