散穗高粱和红壳苏丹草杂交F_(2)代群体农艺性状的相关和聚类分析

Correlation and Cluster Analysis of Agronomic Traits of F_(2) Population from the Cross Between Sorghum and Sudan Grass

[目的]探究高丹草主要农艺性状间的关系。[方法]以散穗高粱(母本)和红壳苏丹草(父本)进行杂交后自交获得的F_(2)代群体为材料,对该群体200个单株的9个主要农艺性状进行变异、相关和聚类分析。[结果]各农艺性状间表现出明显的变异(10.00%~63.07%),总分蘖数和单株鲜穗重的变异系数最大,分别是63.07%、52.09%;相关分析表明对单株鲜穗重影响最大的是株高(r=0.642),其余性状依次为叶片数(r=0.493)、茎粗(r=0.480)、叶长(r=0.410)、叶宽(r=0.240);聚类分析在欧氏距离6.50处将高丹草F_(2)代群体材料分为四大类,第Ⅰ类包含群体单株数量最多(124个),其各农艺性状整体均值介于第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类之间;第Ⅲ类数量最少,仅包含2个高丹草F_(2)代群体单株,分别为F2-16、F2-145,明显特征表现为各农艺性状整体均值最低;第Ⅱ类有最高的株高且各农艺性状整体均值最高,都具有高秆、多枝叶、多穗粒的特点,可被用于选育优质牧草。[结论]该研究为选育品质优良、生产性能高的高丹草品种提供了指导,为杂交育种提供了理论依据。

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the relationship among agronomical characteristics of Sorghum-Sudan hybrid grass.[Method]The F;generation of the cross between sorghum(female parent)and the red Sudan grass(male parent)was analysed.The variation,correlation and cluster analysis of 9 main agronomic traits of 200 individual plants were analysed using different metods of data analysis.[Result]The results showed that 200 individual plants showed obvious performance in all agronomic traits(10.00%-63.07%).The coefficient of variation of total tiller number and fresh ear weight plant was the largest,63.07% and 52.09% respectively.Correlation analysis showed that plant height had the greatest impact on fresh ear weight per plant(r=0.642),and the remaining characters were number of leaves(r=0.493),stem thickness(r=0.480),leaf length(r=0.410),leaf width(r=0.240).Cluster analysis divided the F_(2) population material of Sorghum-Sudan hybrid grass at the Euclidean distance of 6.50 into four categories,the first category contains 124 F_(2) populations per plant,and the overall mean value of each agronomic character was between the second and third categories.The third type had a small number,including only two single plants of F_(2) generation population of Sorghum-Sudan hybrid grass,which were F_(2)-16 and F_(2)-145 respectively,the obvious characteristic was that the overall mean value of each agronomic character was the lowest.The second type had the highest plant height and the highest overall average value of various agronomic traits.They all had high stalks and high stalks.The characteristics of branches and leaves could be used to select high-quality forage grass.[Conclusion]This study provided guidance for breeding good quality and high production performance varieties of Sorghum-Sudan hybrid grass,and provided a theoretical basis for cross breeding.