单月桂酸甘油酯及其与富马酸复配对川藏黑猪配套系商品仔猪生长性能、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响

Effects of glycerol monolaurate and fumaric on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and immune function of Chuanzang black commercial piglets

为研究饲粮中添加单月桂酸甘油酯(GML)及其与富马酸(FA)的复配物对川藏黑猪配套系商品仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化性能及免疫功能的影响,试验选用80头56日龄、平均体重(14.99±1.45)kg的健康川藏黑猪配套系商品仔猪,按体重相近、公母各半的原则,随机分为对照组(无抗生素基础饲粮组)、抗生素组(基础饲粮+50 mg/kg喹烯酮+50 mg/kg吉他霉素+75 mg/kg金霉素)、GML组(基础饲粮+300 mg/kg GML)和GML+FA组(基础饲粮+300 mg/kg GML+6 g/kg FA),每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪,试验期30 d。结果表明:(1)各组1~14、15~30 d和1~30 d仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比和腹泻率无显著差异(P> 0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,抗生素组的血清尿素氮(BUN)含量显著降低25.96%(P <0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,抗生素组血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性提高了29.50%(P <0.01);GML组血清T-SOD活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量分别提高了11.98%和55.49%(P <0.05),血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)分别降低了10.12%(P <0.05)和30.77%(P <0.01);GML+FA组血清MDA含量提高了52.47%(P <0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,抗生素组血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和白介素-6(IL-6)含量分别降低了16.92%和20.01%(P <0.05);GML+FA组血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量分别提高了8.38%、27.04%、23.97%和21.70%(P <0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加GML及其与FA的复配物对川藏黑猪配套系商品仔猪生长性能无显著影响,降低了抗氧化能力,但提高了免疫能力。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary glycerol monolaurate(GML) alone or supplemented with fumaric(FA) on growth performance,serum parameters,antioxidant capacity and immune function of Chuanzang black piglets. A total of 80 Chuanzang black piglets [56 days old,(14.99 ±1.45)kg initial body weight,half male and half female] were randomly allocated to 4 groups,5replicates in each group,and 4 piglets in each replicate. Dietary treatments included: the antibiotici-free basal diets(control group);the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg quinocetone,50 mg/kg kitasamycin and 75mg/kg chlortetracycline(antibiotic group);the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg glycerol monolaurate(GML group);the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg glycerol monolaurate and 6 g/kg fumaric(GML+FA group). The trial lasted for 30 d. The results showed that:(1)1 ~ 14,15 ~ 30 days and 1 ~ 30 days,there were no significant differences in average daily gain,average daily feed intake,feed to gain ratio and diarrhea rate of piglets among all groups(P > 0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,the blood urea nitrogen(BUN) level of the antibiotic group was significantly decresed by 25.96%.(3)Compared with the control group,the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity of antibiotic group was significantly increased by29.50%(P < 0.01);the T-SOD activity and the content of malondial dehyde(MDA) of GML group were significantly increased by 11.98%,55.49%(P < 0.05),while the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)and T-AOC in serum were significantly decreased by 10.12%(P < 0.05),30.77%(P < 0.01);the content of MDA in GML +FA group was significantly increased by 52.47%(P < 0.05).(4)Compared with the control group,the levels of immune globulin M(IgM) and interleukin-6(IL-6) were significantly decreased by16.92%,20.01%(P < 0.05);the levels of immune globulin G(IgG),immune globulin A(IgA),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were significantly increased by 8.38%,27.04%,23.97%,21.70%(P <0.05). It was concluded that dietary glycerol monolaurate alone or supplemented with fumaric could not affect growth performance,reduced serum antioxidant capacity,but could improve immune function of Chuanzang black piglets.