基于种养平衡的吉林省畜禽养殖环境承载力研究

Research on the environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding in Jilin province based on the balance of planting and feeding

“以种定养”是目前较为热门解决种植业与畜牧业发展平衡的研究方法 ,本研究在原有养分平衡法中增加农作物秸秆还田因素,再结合相关参数计算畜禽养殖环境承载力。本文以吉林省为研究区,分别计算了全省以及各市(州)畜禽养殖环境承载力及耕地负荷预警值,其结果表明:2018年全省单位农用地畜禽养殖的环境承载力以氮、磷计分别为27.45头/hm;和12.87头/hm;(猪当量),而实际全省养殖量以氮、磷计分别为19.15头/hm;和8.50头/hm;(猪当量),表明全省畜牧业发展还有一定空间,耕地负荷预警值分别为0.69和0.66,处于低风险级别,其中,长春、吉林、白山处于高风险级别。研究结果可为吉林省达到种养平衡提供一定理论依据。

“Farming by planting” is currently a popular research method to solve the balance between planting industry and animal husbandry. This article added the factor of returning crop stalks to the field in the original nutrient balance method,and then calculated the environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding by combining relevant parameters. Taking Jilin province as the research area,this paper calculated the environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding and the early warning value of arable land load in the province and each city(prefecture). The results showed that:In 2018,the environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding per unit of agricultural land in Jilin province were 27.45 heads/hm;and 12.87 heads/hm;(pig equivalent),while the actual farming amounts in the province were 19.15 heads/hm;and 8.50 head/hm;(pig equivalent) in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively,indicating that there was still room for development of the province’s animal husbandry. The early warning values of arable land load were 0.69 and 0.66, respectively,which were at a low risk level. Among them,Changchun, Jilin, and Baishan were at a high risk level. The research results could provide a certain theoretical basis for Jilin province to achieve planting and breeding balance.