酵母培养物对泌乳奶牛体外瘤胃发酵特性、采食量和产奶量的影响

Effects of yeast culture on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics,feed intake and milk yield in lactating dairy cows

本试验旨在探究酵母培养物对泌乳奶牛体外瘤胃发酵特性、采食量和产奶量的影响。体外试验中,在培养底物中分别添加0(对照组)、1%的酵母培养物,在体外模拟瘤胃发酵培养48 h后,测定产气量和瘤胃发酵特性参数。动物试验选取泌乳天数和产奶量相近的奶牛573头,随机分为2组:对照组276头,饲喂基础日粮;试验组297头,饲喂基础日粮+150g/(头·d)酵母培养物,试验持续28 d。体外试验表明:培养底物中添加酵母培养物显著提高了体外瘤胃48 h累积产气量、干物质消化率、发酵液pH、微生物蛋白含量和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度(P <0.05)。动物试验结果表明:饲粮中添加酵母培养物使奶牛干物质采食量和产奶量分别提高了0.44 kg/(头·d)和0.86kg/(头·d)。综上所述,添加酵母培养物改善了泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵特性,对采食量和产奶量均有正面影响。

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of yeast culture on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics,feed intake and milk yield in lactating dairy cows. In the in-vitro experiment,0(control group) and 1% yeast culture were added to the culture substrate,the gas production and rumen fermentation characteristic parameters were measured after 48 hours of simulated rumen fermentation in vitro.In the animal experiment,573 cows with similar lactation days and milk production were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups: 276 cows in the control group,fed the basal diet;297 cows in the experimental group,fed the basal diet + 150 g/(head·d) yeast culture,the experiment lasted 28 d. In vitro experiments showed that adding yeast culture to the culture substrate significantly increased the 48h cumulative gas production,dry matter digestibility,pH,microbial protein content and total volatile fatty acid concentration of the rumen in vitro(P < 0.05). The results of animal experiments showed that the addition of yeast culture to the diet increased the dry matter intake and milk production of dairy cows by 0.44 kg/(head·d) and 0.86 kg/(head·d),respectively. In conclusion,the addition of yeast culture improved the rumen fermentation characteristics of lactating dairy cows and had a positive effect on both feed intake and milk production.