中草药防治奶牛隐性乳房炎研究进展

Advances in the Prevention and Control of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows during Lactation by Chinese Herbal Medicines

奶牛乳房炎是引起奶牛养殖业重大经济损失的三大疾病之一,其发病率高,流行性广泛,危害性极大,可影响奶牛泌乳性能,甚至使乳房丧失机能,严重影响奶牛机体健康及牛奶品质。因此,有效控制奶牛乳房炎,尤其是奶牛隐性乳房炎,对减少经济损失、提高奶牛产奶量及奶品质、促进奶业持续健康发展具有重要的意义。随着人们对食品安全的关注度越来越高,原有的抗生素治疗造成的药物残留和细菌耐药性已经无法符合奶牛业健康发展的需要。中草药来源广泛,资源丰富,具有安全、无残留、低毒性等优点,能够解决世界各国所关注的“有抗奶”问题,甚至可达到治愈隐性乳房炎的目的。因此,本研究阐述了奶牛隐性乳房炎的危害、中草药的作用机制和应用效果及防治奶牛乳房炎的应用前景,为生产实践中奶牛乳房炎的防控提供参考。

Mastitis in dairy cows is considered as one of the three main diseases and can cause huge economic losses to the dairy industry. The high prevalence of mastitis can threaten the lactation of cows, seriously impacting the health of cows and milk quality. Therefore, effective treatment of mastitis in dairy cows, especially subclinical mastitis, is very important to improve the performance of dairy cows, reduce economic losses, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the dairy industry. With an increasing concern for food safety, drug residues and bacterial resistance caused by antibiotics do not meet the requirements of healthy development of the dairy industry. As natural medicines with an abundant resource, Chinese herbal medicines which have no residues, no bacterial resistance and low toxicity can be used to address the issue of “raw milk containing antibiotic resistant genes”, which is a popular topic in the world, and even successfully control subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.Therefore, this study reviewed the hazards of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows, the mechanism of action and formulation of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of mastitis, followed by the prospects of Chinese herbal medicines used in dairy cows. This provides a theoretical basis and practical guiding significance for the prevention and control of mastitis in dairy cows.