亚麻油与棕榈油配比对绒山羊体外瘤胃微生物数量和脂肪代谢相关酶活性的影响

Effects of Different Ratios of Linseed Oil to Palm Oil in Diet on The Activities of Enzymes Related to Fat Metabolism and The Microorganisms Number of in Vitro Rumen in Cashmere Goats

试验通过体外法研究了日粮中添加不同配比的亚麻油与棕榈油对绒山羊体外瘤胃微生物数量和脂肪代谢相关酶活性的影响,以筛选日粮中亚麻油与棕榈油的适宜比例。采用单因素随机试验设计,设7个处理组,一组为对照组(CON),培养底物中不添加任何油脂,一组为亚麻油组(LSO),培养底物只添加亚麻油,其余五组为亚麻油与棕榈油混合组,分别为9􀏑1(LP1)、8􀏑2(LP2)、7􀏑3(LP3)、6􀏑4(LP4)和5􀏑5(LP5)组,油脂的添加比例为2%。每个处理组进行24 h体外批次培养。结果表明:与CON组相比,LSO组及混合油脂组的体外瘤胃培养液中脂解厌氧弧杆菌(Anaerovibrio lipolytica)和白色瘤胃球菌(R.albus)数量、激素敏感脂酶(HSL)、超长链脂肪酸延长酶(ELOVL5)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性均显著升高(P<0.05),蛋白糖分解丁酸弧菌(B.proteoclasticum)、亨氏丁酸弧菌(B.hungatei)的含量显著降低(P<0.05);部分混合油组的乙酰辅酶羧化酶(ACC)、脂肪酸脱氢酶(FADS1)活性高于CON组(P<0.05);混合油组葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)活性低于CON组(P<0.05);与LSO组相比,LP4组的硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(SCD)活性无显著变化,其他油脂组均显著降低。饲粮中添加单一的亚麻油及亚麻油与棕榈油的混合油脂,并未对干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、钙(Ca)磷(P)的降解产生负面影响(P>0.05),但降低了NDF的降解率,而LP4组较其他各组的降低作用减弱。综上,亚麻油与棕榈油配比为6􀏑4能提高绒山羊体外瘤胃液中脂肪代谢相关酶活性,改变相关微生物数量,减弱亚麻油添加对中性洗涤纤维(NDF)降解引起的抑制作用。

In this paper,cashmere goats were used as rumen fluid donors to study the effects of different proportions of linseed oil and palm oil on the activities of enzymes related to fat metabolism and the num⁃ber of rumen microorganisms,so as to screen the appropriate proportion of linseed oil and palm oil.The single factor randomized trial design was adopted.Seven treatment groups were set up.One group was the control group(CON),with no oil added to the culture substrate;another group was the linseed oil group(LSO),only linseed oil was added to the culture substrate,and the other five groups were the mixed oil groups,the ratio of linseed oil to palm oil of which was 9􀏑1(LP1),8􀏑2(LP2),7􀏑3(LP3),6􀏑4(LP4)and 5􀏑5(LP5)respectively.The proportion of oil added was 2%.Each treatment group was cultured in vitro for 24 hours.Compared with the CON group,the number of Anaerovibrio lipolytica and R.albus,the activities of HSL,ELOVL5 and LPL in rumen culture medium in LSO group and mixed oil groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the contents of Butyrivibrio proteoclasti⁃cum and B.hungatei were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the activities of ACC and FADS1 in some mixed oil group were higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05);the activities of G6PDH in mixed oil groups were lower than those in the CON group(P<0.05);compared with LSO group,there was no signifi⁃cant change in SCD activity in LP4 group,while it was significantly lower in the other oil groups.The ad⁃dition of linseed oil alone or a mixture oil of linseed oil and palm oil in the diet did not have a negative effect on the degradation of DM,EE,ADF,CP,Ca and P(P>0.05),but reduced the degradation rate of NDF,while the reduction effect of LP4 group was weaker than that of the other groups.In conclusion,the aparoptiate ratio of linseed oil to palm oil was 6􀏑4,which could improve the activity of fat metabo⁃lism related enzymes in rumen juice of cashmere goats in vitro,change the number of related microorgan⁃isms,and weaken the inhibitory effect of linseed oil on NDF degradation.